Trans Ethiopia plc

Scania Business Unit

Scania Engine Basics

Compiled by:Dirar Gselassie Oct 13,2018

 Introduction

Scania engines give customers:

high performance in both power & torque
uptime
long service life & good serviceability
good operating economy
low emission levels

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 Four stroke principle

oInduction phase
oCompression phase
oCombustion phase
oExhaust phase

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 Engine designation

Full type designation: DC13 107 L01

Version
displacement

Performance & certification code

application

Variant number

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Version
•DC=Diesel engine, turbocharged with air cooled charge-air cooler
•DI=Diesel engine, turbocharged with liquid cooled charge-air cooler
•OC=Otto engine, turbocharged with air cooled charge-air cooler
•OI=Otto engine, turbocharged with liquid cooled charge-aircooler
•U=Universal, not vehicles

Displacement
•Swept volume of engine in whole litters
•Designated with two digits
Example, 13=13 litter-engine
16=16 litter-engine

Performance & certification code

•Designated with three digits b/n 001-999
•The digits can be preceded with letters
Example, DC09 E02, / G,gas)/(E,ethanol)

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 Application
•A=engine common, not vehicles
•D=engine for truck, low entry cab/Distribution/
•F=engine for bus, longitudinal front engine
•G=engine for hybrid, parallel hybrid
•H=engine for hybrid, series hybrid
•L=engine for truck, general application
•M=engine for marine application
•K=engine for bus, longitudinal rear engine
•N=engine for bus, horizontal rear engine
•W=engine for truck, all wheel drive

Variant number
•Designated with two digits b/n 01-99
•Shows differences in the equipment, not the basic design
•Only applies to vehicle engines

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 Scania engine types/two types

Inline either 5 cyl or 6 cyl

V8

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 Engine components

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 Cylinder block

•The cyl-block is cast in one piece

& there is a separate cylinder head for each
cylinder

•The engine has wet cyl-liners

•The cyl-liner is replaceable

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 Pistons
A piston is divided into:
•1 piston crown
•2 combustion chamber recess
•3 piston top land
•4 piston ring zone
•5 piston body
•6 piston-pin boss

Piston ring

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 Connecting rod/Con rod

1.Con rod small end

2.Con rod shank
3.Slanting split con rod big end
4.Con rod bearing cover

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 Crank shaft

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 Camshaft & valve mechanism

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 Cylinder head •Separate cyl-head
•Service ease
• has four valves per cyl

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 Turbocharger
Increases power by approx 40%

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…(contd.)…

Waste gate valve

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 Timing gears

•located at the rear of the engine

•helps reduce noise

•contributes longer service life

•provides advantage for PTO

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 Performance Curve

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…(contd.)..

Description:
•Inline 6-cyl direct injection diesel engine
•Euro-3 emission rating
•PDE injection system
•4 valves per cyl
•Turbocharged & charge air cooler
•Piston bore 130mm
•Piston stroke 160mm
•Compression ratio18:1
•Firing sequence 1-5-3-6-2-4
•Displacement 12.7 dm3
•Max output@1900 rpm,410hp(302kW)
•Max torque@ 1000-1350 rpm,2000Nm
•Exhaust brake output@2400 rpm,263kW
•Max sulfur content of fuel is 2000 ppm(0.002)

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 Fuel system

PDE

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 HPI

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 Common Rail/XPI
XPI is a new generation of common rail fuel injection system,
Developed by scania in cooperation with Cummins Inc. USA.

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In general the fuel system with
PDE/HPI/XPI:
•right time
•optimal performance
•minimum fuel consumption
•correct emission level

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Lubrication system

•Reduces friction & wear

Purpose •Cooling
•Cleans combustion residue
•Sealing
•Corrosion protection
•Sound reduction
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 Components :
•Oil sump & strainer
•Oil pump & safety valve
•Oil cooler
•Centrifugal & relief valve
•Oil filter
•Piston cooling & oil galleries
•Dipstic

Oil pump

Oil cooler

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 …(contd.)…
Centrifugal oil cleaner

Oil filter

Piston cooling nozzle

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Oil flow

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…(Contd.)…

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….(Contd.)….

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 ……(Contd.)….

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 ….Contd…

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Schematic diagram of the oil circulation in
the lubrication system

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 Reasons for oil change
oOxidation
oContamination
oDepletion of additives
Time interval/Scania operation based program
o Type 0 …light long distance transport
oType 1…long distance transport
oType 2…heavy long distance transport
oType 3…off road/construction operations
oType 4..short haul distribution operations

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 Oil volumes

For more information refer

Multi service manual…General
•00:16-15
•00:16-01

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 Cooling system
Heat energy?

•Coolant pump
•Radiator
•Fan
•Thermostat
•Expansion tank
•Coolant galleries
•Hoses

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Charge air cooler/intercooler

•Increases engine power

•Reduces fuel consumption emission

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 When/Why Engine Overhaul (Recondition)?

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 …..CONT’D…..

Driver complain :
Excessive oil consumption
Oil pressure high/low
Smoke
Power lose/fuel consumption
Overheating
Noise
others ime
l if e t
tory /
•H is s s io n
isc u
•D

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Critical pointsWorkshop/Service Manual
•Make/Brand •preparations
•Safety issues
•Model
•Cleaning
•Engine# •Procedures
•Chassis# •Specifications/tightening torques
•Tools/equipments

Compiled by:Dirar Gselassie

Compiled by:Dirar Gselassie
 10 Q

Compiled by:Dirar Gselassie