Reading and

Writing in ICT
Muhammad Sam Bahri
Rifhatul Karomah
Álvarez (1987), stated reading and writing is placed in the comprehension and production texts
processes, where a set of non-serial mental operations appear in dynamics. In other words, these
operations are simultaneous or parallel so that students may understand the information they are
exposed to.

Lerner (2001) argue that these two terms represent the most essential school function, a reason that
drives its analysis in order to redefine its meaning within the school context and foster a literacy
culture among students. Reading and writing are processes that involve a set of operations at the
thinking level.
01 Reading
 Maduabuchi (2007) in (Maduabuchi Chinyere H, 2016) postulates that reading is
an interaction between the reader and the text which results in comprehension.
 Reading is a receptive language process. In reading, there is an interaction
Flourishing Creativity & Literacy between language and thought as the writer
encodes thought as language and the reader decodes language as thought. Through
reading, the reader sees, hears, and converses with the writer who may or may not
be familiar to him/her.
 There are certain aspects of reading, such as fluency and word recognition, which
can be learned with time. These basics must be mastered but at the same time
reading comprehension should be emphasized in the process.
Online Reading
• Drigas (2011) stated Online reading is a task that appears to be necessary for
the 21st century students. Therefore, the creation of a Web-based reading
program called ‘English Reading Online’ was created to narrow the gap
between reading and comprehension using online reading strategies. The
effective use of reading strategies is known to amplify a reader’s
understanding.

• Online reading can be very important to narrow the gap between reading and
comprehension using online reading strategies.
02 Writing
 Drigas (2011) stated “Writing can be perplexing for many students since it requires
correct use of grammar. Unlike spoken language, written language cannot use gestures
or body language to explain what it is that needs to be understood or conveyed”.

 When writing, a series of processes such as thinking about what to say, how to say it,
and how to write, makes students think critically about the process of writing taking
into account grammar, vocabulary, coherence, among others aspects gained after
language exposure. In the same fashion, Quintero (2008) citate in (Henao, 2017)
03 ICT (Information Communication Technology)

 In the digital world today, the position of the computer and Information
Communication Technology (ICT), remains on the front row.The integration
of ICT in education is also growing rapidly.
(Shanmugam K, Balakrisnan B, 2019).

 ( Hennessy, Ruthven, and Brindley, 2005) stated in (Istiqoma Maria, Tutut

Nani P, 2020) The term of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
covers a wide range of hardware (desktop and portable computers, projection
technology, calculators, data logging and digital recording equipment),
software applications (generic software, multimedia resources), means of
telecommunications and information systems ( Intranet, Internet).
 “The ICTs provide essential support in the
teaching-learning processes of reading and
writing skills, which has resulted in a field of
scientific research. At present, thanks to
technological resources, it has become an
emerging field of study.”
—Batanero jose Maria F, et al, 2021
04 Interrelation Between Reading and Writing
Recent research suggests that readers and writers share five kinds of
knowledge when they compose :

1. Information knowledge
2. Structural knowledge
3. Transactional knowledge
4. Aestheticknowledge
5. Process knowledge
ICT For Reading and
Writing ?
 01
Writing
1. Weblog
2. Edmodo
3. PPT
WEBLOG
EDMODO
POWER POINT
 02
Reading
1. Starfall
2. Storynory
3. Vooks
STARFALL
STORYNORY
VOOKS
Then What is The
Advantages?
Or
Disadvantages?
Advantages of Using ICT in Teaching ESL Writing Skills One
of the popular tools commonly adapted in the teaching of
writing skills is the use of blogs. According to Kelly & Safford
(2009), blogging provides “a real-world digital medium for
communication”. It is a multi-dimensional tool that not only
offers a container for writing but also has the possibility of
multiple audiences and access points”.
For example, we can see that the use of blog software and Tweeter are tools
that can help students practice written language, engage with the language
they wish to learn and of course to share their thoughts or feelings and
reflect on them. Promoting writing instruction through such an entertaining
way enables more production of written language which might not have
been produced otherwise. Students who also blogged rather than merely
attending an in-class session showed better results from those who only
received in-class writing instruction.
How About the
Disadvantages?
1. Internal
2. External
Internal disadvantages according to (Melor Md Yunus) the
use of computer technology could cause the lackadaisical
attitude among students whereby they will not take their
work seriously and that the students’ reading skills developed
from scrolling the computer screen could lead to an
accelerated but superficial, inaccurate understanding of the
content.
And for the external point ICT in the classroom may not provide
the students with the proper education that they need if the ICT
being used is not sufficient manner. ICT may not be, depending
on the school, made available to each student. The attention of
the students is harder to get when they are on the computer. An
inexperienced teacher in the technology area may cause many
problems in the classroom, and consume valuable time that could
be used to educate . Most schools do not provide an onsite
technician in case a difficulty may arise.
Thank You
Gaes 