SEPARATING MIXTURE

DECANTATION
HAVE YOU TRIED TO COOK A RICE?

HOW DO TOU DO IT?

The method that was used to separate
the dirt washed water form the rice
before cooking was decantation.

What is DECANTATION?
DECANTATION is a process of the
separation of mixtures of immiscible liquids or of a
liquid and a solid mixture such as a suspension.

The layer closer to the top of the container—the less

dense of the two liquids, or the liquid from which the
precipitate or sediment has settled out—is poured off,
leaving the other component or the more dense liquid of
the mixture behind.

An incomplete separation is witnessed during the

separation of two immiscible liquids.
 WINNOWING
Wind winnowing is an agricultural method
developed by ancient cultures for separating
grain from chaff.

It is also used to remove hay and chaff or

other pests from stored grain. Threshing, the
loosening of grain or seeds from the husks
and straw, is the step in the chaff-removal
process into the air so that the wind blows
away the lighter chaff, while the heavier
grains fall back down for recovery.

Techniques included using a winnowing fan

(a shaped basket shaken to raise the chaff)
or using a tool (a winnowing fork or shovel)
on a pile of harvested grain.
Winnowing is the method in which heavier components of the
mixture are separated from the lighter substances with the help of
wind. This method is used for separating grains from husk after the
process of threshing.

Threshing is the process of separating grain from chaff. In this

process, a mixture of wheat and husk is dropped from a height. After
that, husk is carried by the wind and forms a heap at some distance
away. The husk being lighter is carried away by the wind and forms a
different heap.

The heavier particle (wheat grains) forms a separate heap as it falls

vertically downward. To separate dirt from pulses, we add water to
pulses. Dirt will get dissolved in water and husk will float on top
because it is lighter and pulse grains will settle down.
THRESHING
Advantage of Winnowing
This method doesn’t require any machines
for its functioning.
It is completely based on human activity
and hence it takes less time to process and
definitely very cheap.

Disadvantage of Winnowing
Winnowing is defined as a method in which
heavier components of the mixture are
separated from the lighter substances with
the help of wind but this process does not
work for materials heavier than grains like
stones.
Handpicking is a convenient method of
separating substances, when the quantity of
impurities is usually not very large. This
method of handpicking can be used for
separating slightly larger sized impurities
like the pieces of stone from dirt, husk
from wheat, and pulp from coffee beans.
Separation
is done to remove impurities and to get a
useful product.
Examples of mixtures that can
be separated through picking:

grains and mongo seeds

sliced fruits

nails and pins rice grains and tiny pebbles

Magnets can be
used in separating
magnetic and
non-magnetic
materials.
Magnetic separation
is a process wherein
magnetically
susceptible materials
are extracted from a
mixture using a
magnetic force.
This technique
is useful in
industries
such as in
mining and coin
making.