Item

Analysi
s
 What is Item Analysis?

Item analysis is a statistical

method used to assess the quality
of test items and measure
educational achievements. It helps
educators identify deficient items
and make evidence-based
judgments to enhance
assessment validity and
dependability.
 Benefits of Item Analysis

Effective item analysis offers several

benefits, such as identifying
ambiguous or misleading items,
improving test reliability and
validity, enhancing item
discrimination, and guiding item
revision and selection.
Item Analysis Techniques

Various techniques can be

employed for item analysis,
such as difficulty index,
discrimination index, and
item-total correlation. These
methods help educators
evaluate item difficulty, item
discrimination power, and
the relationship between
item performance and overall
test performance.
Item Statistics/Indices
Index of Difficulty: This
is the percentage of
the total group which
has responded
correctly to the item.
Index of Difficulty
Item Statistics/Indices
Index of
Discrimination: This is
the difference between
the percent of correct
responses in the upper
group and the percent
of correct responses in
the lower group.
Index of Discrimination
Implementing Item Analysis

To effectively implement item

analysis, educators must
follow a systematic process
involving data collection,
analysis, interpretation, and
action. This approach
improves test quality and
ensures valid and reliable
results.
Item Analysis Process
1. Arrange the score from highest to lowest.
2. Get the top 27% and bottom 27% of the examinees.
According to Kelly's (1939) study, the largest degree that
members of the higher group are actually superior to members of
the lower group can be obtained by allocating 27% of the total to
each group.
3. Count the number of the examinees in the upper and
lower group who got each item.
4. Compute for the difficulty index.
5. Compute for the discrimination index.
 Conclusion
Item analysis is crucial for improving tests. It
helps educators identify problematic items
and make informed decisions that enhance
test validity, reliability, and discrimination.
Effective item analysis techniques lead to
more accurate assessment outcomes,
benefiting both learners and educators.