Item analysis is a process which examines student responses to individual

test items (questions) in order to assess the quality of those items and of the
test as a whole.

What is an item analysis and why is it important?

Item analysis is the act of analyzing student responses to individual exam
questions with the intention of evaluating exam quality. It is an important tool
to uphold test effectiveness and fairness. Item analysis is likely something
educators do both consciously and unconsciously on a regular basis

How important is item analysis in student learning?

In short, item analysis gives you a way to exercise additional quality

control over your tests. Well-specified learning objectives and well-
constructed items give you a head-start in that process, but item analyses can
give you feedback on how successful you actually were.

What are the two types of item analysis?

Item analysis is a technique that evaluates the effectiveness of items in tests.
Two principal measures used in item analysis are item difficulty and item
discrimination.