Literacy

Group 1
 What is Literacy?!?!?
• The ability to IDENTIFY, UNDERSTAND, INTERPRET, CREATE,
COMMUNICATE, and COMPUTE using printed and written materials
associated with varying context.
 What is Literacy?
• Literacy involves a continuum of learning, wherein individuals are able to
achieve their goals, develop their knowledge and potential, and participate
fully in their community and wider society.
 What is Illiteracy?
• Refers to the inability to read or write effectively. It is a condition where a
person lacks the basic skills needed for functional literacy in their native
language. This means that an illiterate person may struggle with tasks like
reading street signs, filling out forms, understanding written
instructions, and other everyday activities that require BASIC reading
and writing skills.
3 TYPES OF LITERACY
 Media Literacy
• The ability to ACCESS, ANALYSE, EVALUATE, and CREATE media
in a variety of forms.

• It aims to empower citizens by providing them with the competencies

(knowledge and skills) necessary to engage with traditional media and
new technologies.
3 Building Blocks of Media
Literact
 What is the Building Blocks of Media
Literacy about?
• It is to be able to build your wider set of perspectives on the media.

• Your skills are the tools you use to build knowledge structures.
 Personal Locus
• “Personal locus” is a term that refers to that which governs the
information-processing tasks. It also shapes meaning matching and
meaning construction.
OR
• “Personal locus” is a term that refers to the place in a person's mind where
decisions get made about information-processing tasks.
 A Strong Personal Locus
• The more you are aware of your goals, the more you can direct the process
of information seeking.
• The stronger your drives for information are, the more effort you will
expend to attain your goals.
 A Weak Personal Locus
• If your Locus is weak(i.e., you are not aware of particular goals and your
drive energy is low), you will default to media control where you allow
the media to exercise a high degree of control over exposures and
information processing.
 ALWAYS KNOW YOUR LOCUS
• The more you know your locus, the more you make conscious and smart
decisions to shape it, the more you can control the process of media
influence on you.
• The more you pay conscious attention to your locus, the more you
control the process of information acquisition and usage.
• The more you engage your locus, the more you will be increasing your
media literacy.
 Being Media literate however, does not mean that the
locus is always fully engaged. This is an impossible task
because no one can maintain that high a degree of
concentraition continuously.

MEDIA LITERACY IS A PROCESS, NOT A PRODUCT

 2 MODES OF CONSCIOUS
Conscious
• You are aware of options and can
exercise your will in making
decisions.
• You are in control of the
information processing and
meaning making
Unconscious
• Decisions are made outside of
your awareness and control
• The media exert their most
powerful effect.
In both modes, knowledge structures
can get formed and elaborated
Knowledge Structures
 Knowledge Structures
• Sets of organized information in a person’s memory. Knowledge
structures do not occur spontaneously’ they must be built with care and
precision.
• Are made by carefully crafting pieces of information into an overall
design
 How Knowledge Structures operate
1. We rely on a set of skills or tools that are needed to extract through large
piles of facts, so that we can uncover the particular facts we need and
brush away the rest.
2. Once we have selected the facts we need, we shape those facts into
information and carefully fit those pieces of information in to their
proper places in a structure.
Why do we need a Knowledge Structure?
• The structure helps us see the patterns in information.
• We use these patters as maps to tell us where to get more information
• Tells us where to go to retrieve information we have previously crafted
into our knowledge structure.
Skills
 What are Skills?!
• Skill are tools that people develop through practice. They are like
muscles; the more you exercise them, the stronger they get.
• Without practice, skills become weaker.
 7 SKILLS OF MEDIA LITERACY
• ANALYSIS – Breaking down a message into meaningful elements
• EVALUATION – Judging the value of an element; the judgement is made
by comparing a message element to some standard.
• GROUPING – Determining which elements are alike in some way;
determining how a group of elements is different from other groups of
elements
• INDUCTION – Inferring a pattern across a small set of elements, then
generalizing the pattern to all elements in the set
 7 SKILLS OF MEDIA LITERACY
• DEDUCTION – Using general principles to explain particulars
• SYNTHESIS – Assembling elements into a new structure
• ABSTRACTING – Creating a brief, clear, and accurate description
capturing the essence of a message in smaller number of words than the
message itself.
INFORMATION LITERACY
 Information Literacy
• The ability to recognize when information is needed, and to locate,
evaluates, and effectively communicates information in its various
formats.
STAGES/ELEMENTS OF INFORMATION
LITERACY
• Identifying/recognizing – information needs
• Determining sources – Of information
• Citing or searching – for information
• Analyzing and evaluating the quality – of information
• Organizing, storing, or archiving – information
• Using information in an ethical, efficient and effective way
• Creating and communicating new knowledge
 GUIDE QUESTIONS FOR
INFORMATION LITERACY
1. Information needs – What information do you need?
2. Sources of Information – Where will you get them?
3. Access to the information – How will you access them?
4. Evaluate information – How will you check the quality of information?
5. Organize information – How will you organize and store?
6. Communicate Information – How will you create and communicate
them?
TECHNOLOGY/DIGITAL
LITERACY
 Digital Literacy
• The ability of an individual, either working independently or with others
to responsibly, appropriately, and effectively use technological tools.
• Using these tools an individual can access, manage, evaluate, create and
communicate information.
 Digital Literacy
• Refers to an individual’s ability to find, evaluate, and compose clear
information through writing and other media on various digital platforms.
• Is evaluated by an individual’s grammar, composition, typing, skills and
ability to produce text, images, audio and design skills and standalone
computers, the advent of internet and use of social media, has caused
some of its focus to shift to mobile devices
 NEW GENERATION OF LITERACY
• Similar to other expanding definitions of literacy that recognize cultural
and historical ways of making meaning, digital literacy does not replace
traditional forms of literacy, instead builds upon and expands the skills
that form the foundation of traditional forms of literacy, Digital literacy
should be considered to be part of the path to knowledge.
 REFERENCES
• https://
www.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/104613_Ch02_19.pdf
• https://
www.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/4889_Potter_Chapter_
3_Media_Literacy_Model.pdf
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