METALS AND

NON-METALS
INTRODEUlemCent
classified as :
sTcanIbe
ON METALS
NON METALS
on the basis of their
properties…
METALS
● A metal is a chemical element that is a good
conductor of both electricity and heat
● Metals are strong and tough
● They do not shatter when dropped and do not crack
easily
METALS IN THE PERIODIC TABLE OF
ELEMENTS
 PROPERTIES OF
METALS
SHINY – they are shiny when freshly cut or polished
MALLEABILITY-metals can be hammered into sheets.
DUCTILITY -metals can be drawn into wires.
LUSTRE -metals can reflect light.
HIGH DENSITY -most metals have high density
except for lithium.
HIGH MELTING AND BOILING POINT -most metals have highmelting
and boiling points.
GOOD CONDUCTORS -metals are good conductors of heat and electricity
because of free electrons.
SONOROUS – Metals make a ringing sound like a bell when they are hit
SHINY
● Some metals such as gold and silver are used as jewelry
because they look beautiful, shiny and expensive
 MALLEABILITY
This property of metals enables it to change its form
through compression without cracking or breaking that is,
a metal can be made into sheets..

A solid gold sheet

can be made
into an
ornament..
 DUCTILITY
It refers to a material's ability to deform under tensile
stress; this is often characterized by the material's
ability to be stretched into a wire..

Coil of silver wire

 LUSTR
E
Metallic lustre refers to the shiny coating or covering
possessed by various metals. It means that the metal and its
surface have light-reflective qualities..

silver cup
 Y
The density of a material is defined as its mass per
unit volume. The density of metals is very high exept
for lithium…

Lithium (low density) Iridium (high density)

 CONDUCTIVIT
Y
Conductivity of metal is the ability or power to conduct
or transmit heat, electricity, or sound..

Silver (highly conductive) Titanium (lowly conductive)

HIGH MELTING
AND BOILING POINT
Most metals have high melting and boiling points
because in metals there is a very strong
intermolecular force of attraction and it needs a lot
of energy to melt or to boil…

Rhenium (high MP) Tungsten (high BP)

SONOROUS
● Metals make a ringing sound when they are hit
● Examples:
 NON- METALS
● A chemical element that is not a metal ,
for example ; carbon or oxygen .

● Non-metals are solids and gases and are not

good conductors of heat and electricity..
NON-METALS IN THE
PERIODIC TABLE
 PROPERTIES OF NON -
METALS
SOFT IN NATURE- Non-metals like phosphorous and
sulphur are generally soft..
NON-LUSTROUS - most non-metals do not reflect light.
LOW MELTING AND BOILING POINT- nonmetals
have low melting and boiling points..
BAD CONDUCTIVITY - most metals are bad conductors of
heat and electricity..
 SOFT
IN
NATURE
Most metals are soft and can be cut with a knife
(solids like sodium)or disturbed(liquids like water)

Phosphorus
NON-LUSTROUS
Nonmetals are dull because they do not reflect
light…

Rubidium
 LOW MELTING
AND BOILING
POINT
Most nonmetals have low boiling and melting
points…

Calcium has a low

melting point (393K)
BAD CONDUCTIVITY
Nonmetals are usually bad conductors of heat and
electricity…

Boron
CONCLUSION
METAL MIXTURES
Alloy
s
An alloy is a mixture of metals.

• Brass = Copper + Zinc

• Solid brass
• homogeneous mixture
• a substitutional alloy
Solid Brass

Coppe
r
Zin
c
Gold
Gol
Cd
oppe
Sr ilve
r
24 karat gold 18 karat gold 14 karat
gold

24
/ atoms 18
/ atoms 14
/ atoms
24 24 24
Au Au Au
OTHER USES OF ALLOY