GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY

MODULE 11
WHY COUPLES HAVE CHILDREN?

• Feelings
• Symbol of successful union
• Ensure family has successor generation
•Predict the trend of thefuture
population. How will it affect
globalization?...Illustrate your answer.
EFFECTS

• Environment
• economics
• 1963- 2004 3.2 million-6.4 billion
• 2050-7.2-10.6 billion
• World population in 2004-6.4 billion
COMPARE
• Developed
• Low infant mortality rate
• Life expectancy-77
• Total fertility rate 2.0
• 21% population growth
developing
high infant mortality rate
life expectance 52
total fertility rate 5.7
44 population growt
 DEMOGRAPHY
• “demo”
• Graphy
• Demography-It is defined as the scientific study of human
population, focusing attention on readily observable phenomena.
• World Population-is the total number of human currently living. The
world population was estimated to have reached 7.6billion as of
December 2017.The United nations estimates it will further increase
to 11.8billion by year 2100
• What is demography? Demography refers to the
scientific study of the size, composition, distribution
and changes in human population. Demographic
studies describe the composition of a population by
its distribution of population categories such as race,
age, marital status, gender, socioeconomic status, and
religion.
• 3. Ratio. The proportion of one population subgroup to the entire population or to
another population subgroup; alternatively, the proportion of one population subgroup to
another population subgroup.
• For example, the sex ratio in Iran in 1996 was 103 males per 100 females.
• 4. Proportion. The ratio of a population subgroup's size to that of the
entire population, calculated by dividing the size of the population subgroup by the total
population size.a. For example, the proportion of Malaysia’s population classified as
urban was .57 or 57%.
• 5. Constant. This is a constant, arbitrary number that can be multiplied by rates, ratios,
or proportions in order to convey these metrics in a manner that is easier
to understand. For example, 0.0176 live births per person occurred in Cuba in 1989.
Multiplying this rate by a constant, 1,000 gives the same statistic in terms of 1,000
people. This is a clearer way of expressing that there were 17.6 births per 1,000 terms of
1,000 population
• Demography focuses its attention on three readily observable phenomena:
• Change in population size
• Change the composition of the population
• The distribution of population in space
Demographers make use of a variety of different instruments to carry out their work. Some
ofthem are as follows:
1. Count. This can refer to the total number of members of a population or to any
demographic event that takes place in a particular location during a certain time period. a.
For example, 1,200,500 live births occurred in Japan in 1977All subsequent statistical
adjustments and analyses are built on top of these basic numbers of demographic
occurrences as their foundation.
2. Rate is the second item on the list. The proportion of a population that is "at risk" of a
particular demographic event occurring within a given time period (often one year) as
compared to the population that actually experiences the event during that time
period. Rates provide demographers with information on the frequency with which a
specific event takes place. a. For example, in 1997, in Papua New Guinea, there
were 34 live births per 1,000population.Most rates are expressed per 1,000 population.
5 DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES

Fertility
Mortality
Marriage
Migration
Social Mobility