MEASURES OF

VARIATION
MEASURE OF VARIATION
 Used to determine the scatter of values in a distribution.
 are ways to describe the distribution or dispersion of
data. It shows how far apart data points are from one
another.
 Statisticians use measures of variation to summarize their
data. You can draw many conclusions by using measures
of variation, such as high and low variability.
VARIABILITY
 Describes how far points in the distribution or data collection are
from each other and from the center of data items. Some terms for
variability are spread, scatter and dispersion.
 A Low Dispersion indicates that the data points tend to be clustered
tightly around the center.
 High Dispersion signifies that they tend to fall further away
TYPES OF STATISTICS
MEASURES
 Range- is the most common and easiest method to calculate the
variation in data.
 Range the user subtracts the lowest occurrence data from the
highest data of the series of items.
Formula: R= H- L
R= range
H= Highest Value
L= Lowest value
RANGE
Example:
1. We have a list of 12 students with their age. Find the range from the
given data?
Age of Students:
13,13,14,14,14,15,15,15,15,16,16,16
Solution: H=16 L= 13 R=?
R=H-L
R= 16- 13
R= 3
RANGE
2. Given Below is the data of the Company and we have to find the
range of the given data.
23 35 65 78 89 32 11 78
Solution: H=89 L= 11 R=?
R=H-L
R= 89-11
R= 78
LC HC
99.5 104.5
99.5 109.5
105.5 114.5
110.5 119.5
115.5 124.5
120.5 129.5
125.5 134.5
INTERQUARTILE RANGE
 is a measure that describes the existing dispersion in terms of
the distance selected observation points. The smaller the
quartiles deviation, the greater the concentration in the
middle half if the observation in the data set.
 Are measures of variation which uses percentiles, deciles, or
quartiles.
 Quartile Deviation (QD) means the semi variation between
the upper quartiles (Q3) and lower quartiles (Q1) in a
distribution. Q3 - Q1 is reffered as the interquartile range.
INTERQUARTILE RANGE
Example: This are the amounts of time spent on the phones daily by high school students.
Minutes: 200 320 218 405 64 98 89 140
64 89 98 140 200 218 320 405
(n+1) (n+1) IR= Q3- Q1
(8+1) (8+1) IR= 294.5-91.25
2.25th IR= 203.25
98-89=9 320-218=102
9x.25=2.25 102x.75=76.5
2.25+89= 91.25 76.5+218= 294.5
INTERQUARTILE RANGE OF
GROUP DATA
CLASS F <CFD LCB HCB
61-65 4 4 60.5 65.5
66-70 8 12 65.5 70.5
71-75 10 22 70.5 75.5
76-80 16 38 75.5 80.5
81-85 11 49 80.5 85.5
86-90 7 56 85.5 90.5
91-95 4 60 90.5 95.5
60
R= UCB- LCB
Q3=lcb+c (- <CF)
R= 95.5- 60.5
R= 35
Q3=80.5+5()
IQR= INTERQUARTILE RANGE Q3=80.5+35/11

Q1=lcb+c (- <CF) IQR= 83.68-72

Q1= 70.5+5()=70.5+1.5 IQR= 11.68
Q1=72
SEMI INTERQUARTILE RANGE
 Also called the Quartile deviation.
 It is a measure of spread. It tells you something about the data is
dispersed around a central point (usually mean).
 The SIR (Semi interquartile Range) is half of the interquartile
range. All you need to do is find the IQR and divide your answer by
2.
 SIR QD=
Harry Ltd. is a textile manufacturer and is working on a reward structure. The management is
discussing starting a new initiative, but they first want to know how much their production
spread is.
The management has collected its average daily production data for the last ten days per
(average) employee.
155, 169, 188, 150, 177, 145, 140, 190, 175, 156.
140, 145, 150, 155, 156, 169, 175, 177, 188, 190
Calculation of Q1 can be done as follows,
Q1= ¼ (n+1)th term Q3= ¾ (n+1)th term
=¾ (11)
=¼ (10+1)
=¼ (11) Q3= 8.25 Term
Q1= 2.75th Term
2nd term is 145 and now adding to
this 0.75 * Q3=188 – 177
(150 – 145) which is 3.75, and the which is 2.75, and the result is
result is Q1=148.75 Q3=179.75
8th term is 177 and now adding to
this 0.25 *
Q.D. = Q3 – Q1 / 2
 Using the quartile deviation formula, we have
 (179.75-148.75) / 2

=31/2
Q.D.=15.50.