THE LIVING QUR’AN IN LIGHT

OF MAQĀṢID AL-SHARĪ‘AH
PARADIGM: IMPLEMENTATION
OF SURAH AL-IKHLAS

Al Juraimy

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 INTRODUCTION
• Surah al-Ikhlas has been perceived as a recitation with many virtues, as a recitation that equals
one-third of the Qur'ān or as a bedtime prayer of protection
• “Qulhu ae lek, kesuwen!”, quote was popularized by Anwar Zahid
• Transmission and transformation are inseparable aspects of the living Qur’an
• Does the expansion outward from the text? Or is the expansion accordance with the intent of the
text?
• Offers a dialectical process with the ijtihād maqāṣidī model, which dialogues the text, the reader
and the reality

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 THE SCOPE OF LIVING QUR’AN

• Living the Qur’an, the lived Qur’an, and the living Qur’an.
• The first two, used the Qur’an as object, the aspect “life” comes from the outside of the Qur’an
• The living Qur'an emphasizes the interrelationship between the Qur'an and the reader.
• The living Qur’an, an inverted triangle will be drawn with the center point between the text and
the reader with a reciprocal line between the three components.

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THE LIVING QUR’AN CHART

Subject and Object

at Same Time
Teks Reader

Center Point

Reality

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 IJTIHĀD MAQĀṢIDĪ

• Maqāṣid-based ijtihad is a method of ijtihad that uses the maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah approach.
• Maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah is determined through four media, Qur’anic affirmation, Hadith affirmation,
istqrā‘ (inductive study), and/or al-ma’qūl (logic).
• Maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah is the creation of benefit (maṣlaḥah) and the disappearance of harm
(mafsadah).
• Three elements that must be present in ijtihād maqāṣidī, namely text (al-naṣṣ), reality (al-waqī‘),
and the subject of law (al-mukallaf).

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 THE ELEMENTS OF THE LIVING QUR'AN

• Text (al-naṣṣ) with maqāṣid al-Qur’ān, this is intended to use method of the maqāṣid al-Qur’ān
to find the purpose of al-naṣṣ.
• Reality (al-waqī‘) is a phenomenon. Ijtihād maqāṣidī view Al-waqī‘ as an operational object,
where the law and purpose of al-naṣṣ are placed on it, hence in the living Qur’an reality is a
certain phenomenon born from the reception of al-Qur’an.
• Reader (al-mukallaf) with the maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah paradigm is intended as the basis for the
reader’s understanding of al-naṣṣ, so as to produce the phenomenon of the living Qur’an that
brings benefits and rejects harm.

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 COMPARISON DIALECTIC OF THE IJTIHĀD
MAQĀṢIDĪ AND THE LIVING QUR’AN
al-Mukallaf

Teks Reader

Phenomenon
al-Waqī‘ al-Naṣṣ

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 THE CONTEXT OF QULHU AE LEK,
KESUWEN!
• the urgency and appropriateness in salat, which at one point tells of the practice of salat tarawih
that is too fast and too long.
• the imam’s contrived and forgetting the recitation of the surah, “wa mā ...”
• a child from the back row of the congregation rebuked him by shouting “Qulhu ae lek,
kesuwen!”
• surah al-Ikhlas is associated as a quick surah, as opposed to slow (kesuwen).
• surah al-Ikhlas is the middle is easy and stable, not too easy and not too difficult.

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 MAQĀṢID AL-SŪRAH AL-IKHLAS

• The content of surah al-Ikhlas is establishment and negation at the same time, namely
information about Allah, the One in His substance and essence free from all forms of tarkīb
(structure/arrangement)
• Preface (verse 1), Central Theme (verse 2), and Conclusion (verse 3 and 4).
• That the first, third and fourth verses describe the Oneness of Allah in the form of a clear
statement or negation, while the second verse, in addition to containing the meaning of Oneness,
emphasizes the relationship between the Creator and the creature.

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 THE DIALOG

• Do not verify each other.

• The result of dialog is complete reliance (tawakkal)
• The sincere dependence of the heart on Allah in the servant's endeavors in pursuing his interests
and safeguarding himself against anything that may be harmful to his well-being both in this life
and in the hereafter
• Tawakkal as the center al-uṣūl al-khamsah, Worship (al-Dīn), Work (al-Nafs and al-Māl), and
Study (al-‘Aql and al-Nasl)
• Tawakkal is a primary level (ḍarūrī)

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