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Artapp 02.a
Artapp 02.a
ARTAPP0
Chapter 2
The Historical
Development of Visual
Arts
By learning about the historical development of visual
arts such as painting, architecture, and sculpture,
• you will gain knowledge and understanding about
how artists conceptualize and realize their art forms
based on the influences in the society and the
progress of selected visual arts from the pre – historic
period to the modern period.
• you can classify the different works of arts by citing
their characteristics based on the influences of the
artists in a particular period.
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
1.distinguish the underlying history and
philosophy of the art period or era;
2.identify the characteristics, dominant theme,
famous artists and their masterpieces of the art
period or era.
3.research about the famous artists and their
masterpieces in each period/era.
4.gather art clips/pictures of the masterpieces of
famous artists and provide data describing the
period of such art existence.
A Beautiful Reflection
Oftentimes, the best ingredient to a work of art is patience. It’s easy to neglect this principle.
We live in a world that’s running on a strict schedule.
When our alarm goes off we have a schedule full of meetings, work, a 30-minute lunch
break, phone calls, and more. It never ends. We’re frustrated when the drive-thru line moves
too slow because it’s taking more time than we expected.
This Biblical wisdom from King Solomon says that everything is made beautiful in its time.
That means some things require time to be made beautiful. Whenever a designer is at work,
their work requires an abundance of patience.
The highest-quality paintings, structures, and statues all take time to create, sometimes a
single piece of artwork takes years to complete.
6
Activity 1: (TRIAD SHARING)
A Points of Reflection
Guide Questions
“He has made everything beautiful in its
time. Also, he has put eternity into man's Can you tell me about a situation that really
heart, yet so that he cannot find out what tested your patience?
God has done from the beginning to the
end.”
Most people find it very hard to be patient? How
do you manage it?
7
TO BE HUMAN
“Remember
diamonds are created
IS TO
under pressure so
hold on, it will be
HAVE
PATIENC
your time to shine “
E
“A HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT”
8
INTRODUCTION TO THE HISTORICAL
DEVELOPMENT OF VISUAL ARTS: PAINTING,
ARCHITECTURE, AND SCULPTURE
9
Prehistoric Period/
Cave Art
The history of painting spans all
cultures and dates back to the time
of the prehistoric men who
produced their own artifacts. The
oldest known paintings believed
to be about 32,000 years old are
found at the Grotte-Vhauvet in
France and depict horse,
rhinoceros, lions, buffalos, and
mammoths (Marcos, 2006 as cited by Menoy, 2014).
In fact, there were numerous paintings and engravings which were found in Europe
caves and shelters during the Ice Age roughly between 40,000 and 14,000 years ago.
Most of the cave art consist of paintings made with either red or black pigments. The
reds were made with iron oxides (hematite), whereas manganese dioxide and charcoal
were used for the blacks.
According to Jean Clottis, in her article, some experts believed that its characteristics
have been created within the framework of Shamanic beliefs and practices (Aller and
Autida 2018)
Egyptian Painting,
Sculpture, and
Architecture
The Egyptian painting is associated with pre-historic times. It
focuses more on expressions of concepts rather than a record of
sensory experience and mastery over reality. Hieroglyphics, the
Egyptian writing system was a form of picture writing and it is
considered as the first art form that is presented with images.
The three stages in the development of Egyptian painting are:
Egyptian architects were the first to use stone column in building homes.
They use simple yet powerful tools; they build large structure of stones
with accuracy and precision by multitude of workers and construction
details to ensure a good quality of work, and pure geometric forms in the
making of the buildings and tombs.
Thus, most of the architectural styles
common to Egyptian buildings, temples,
tombs, and palaces include:
• most temples are made of stones for
durability purposes,
• most of the sculptures of the pharaohs
are done in granite, mammoth
rectangular plan of limestone with
stopping pylons with gorge molding,
bud and flower capitals from post-
lintel-construction and monumental
obelisks and sphinxes fronting pylons
Egyptian pyramids were built during
the old and middle kingdoms.
The palace of Knossos is the famous which is a small city consisting of 800 rooms. The walls of the rooms were
brightly painted with lively scenes showing men and women athletes, fanciful animals, and scenes of the daily
lives of people.
At this point, the Minoans led by their king, Minos, began to establish maritime activities aside from the
magnificent palaces and buildings that were built; they create fresco paintings, stone carvings, and ceramics.
Thus, the Minoans are skilled artisans for they also made decorated fine pottery, bronze daggers tools and are
exporting honey and olive oil to places such as Egypt, Asia Minor, Syria, and Greece.
At this time, warrior kings ruled walled cities built around the palaces at Mycenae, Thebes,
and other places in Southern Greece.
The first palace built during this time was investigated by the archaeologist since it was then
believed that Mycenae was the richest and important town.
They Mycenaean borrowed from the Minoan Civilization such that pottery and jewelry that
were decorated with design in the Minoan style and that Mycenaean kings employed Minoan
artisans and they took the Minoan’s sea trade to Italy, Egypt, Phoenicia, and Sicily.
The Mycenaean were destroyed by the Dorian which caused the decline and the downfall of
their civilization.
THE EVIDENCES OF
Mycenaean Civilization
In Greece, the practice of fine art comprised the three basic periods:
3.Hellenistic Period (c. 323 -27 BCE) This period opened with the
death of Alexander the Great, massive Greek cultural influence, the
creation of “Greek style Art” and the period of the decline and fall
of Greece and the rise of Rome.
The Archaic Greek Pottery is the
most developed art of the pre-
Archaic period. It involves large
vases and other vessels which
are decorated with linear
designs, triangles, zigzags and
other similar shapes.
1.Doric. It is the simplest of the three Greek columns with no base and
slight tapered column. It is used in mainland Greece and later Greek
settlements in Italy. This type of column symbolizes the “STRENGTH
AND NOBILITY OF THE GREEKS”.
1.Early Renaissance
2.High Renaissance
Also, during this period, art forms are more theatrical, having elaborate ornamentation, religious
grandeur and even dynamic.
Baroque art movement flourished in the following countries: Italy, Spain, Flanders (Southern
Netherlands), Dutch Republic (Northern Netherlands), France, and England.
This particular art movement coincides with the worldwide mercantilism, age
of exploration, advances in shipbuilding, extensive voyaging and improved
cartography.
the styles and spirit of classical antiquity especially in the field of architecture.
Moreover, the artworks in this period are inspired mainly excavated figurines and
sculptures in Roman and Greek colony archaeological sites and also the revival of the
Roman and Greek traditions.
Directions:
69
A
LANDSCAPE NEAR PALIANO
B
“La Cage d’Oiseaux”
C
THE DARKSIDE OF ROME