GCB System

中电建水电开发集团有限公司
powerChinahydropowerdevelopmentgroup co. ， LTD
GCB System
机组断路器系统
By ： Li Chaoyong
2019 年
Contents
1 Main function of GCB System
机组断路器系统的主要功能
2 Gibe 3 GCB special appearance
吉布 3 电站 GCB 优点
3 Main components and functional description
主要部件和功能描述
4 Electrical control and communication links with other systems
电气控制以及与其他系统的通信连接
5 Operation considerations and inspection focus points
操作注意事项和检查重点
6 Maintenance considerations, planning/ Preventive maintenance time table
维护注意事项、规划 / 预防性维护时间表
7 Probable faults and Trouble shooting
可能的故障及故障排除
1.1 overview
HECS-80 type circuit breaker produced by ABB company in Switzerland is used as the
outlet circuit breaker of GIBE 3 power station, and SF6 gas is used as the arc
extinguishing and insulation medium.
Nameplate parameters of generatoor circuit breaker are as follows:
Rated maximum voltage 23KV
Rated frequency 50Hz
Rated current 10500A
Arc extinguishing medium SF6
Phase to phase distance 1150mm
1.2 definition of circuit breaker
Circuit breaker refers to the switch device that can close, carry and open the current
under the normal circuit condition and can close, carry and open the current under
the abnormal circuit condition within the specified time.
1.3 function of circuit breaker
The function of the circuit breaker is to disconnector and connect the load circuit and
cut off the fault circuit, so as to prevent the accident from expanding and ensure the
1.1 概述
吉布 3 电站机组出口断路器采用瑞士 ABB 公司生产的 HECS-80 型号断路器，该断
路器采用 SF6 气体作为灭弧介质。
机组断路器铭牌参数如下：
额定最高电压 23kV
额定频率 50Hz
额定电流 10500A
灭弧介质 SF6
相间距离 1150mm
1.2 断路器的定义
断路器是指能够关合、承载和开断正常回路条件下的电流并能在规定的时间内关
合、承载和开断异常回路条件下的电流的开关装置。
1.3 断路器的功能
断路器的作用是切断和接通负荷电路，以及切断故障电路，防止事故扩大，保证
安全运行。
2.1 advantages of SF6 circuit breaker
1) high withstand voltage of contact. SF6 circuit breaker has high dielectric strength
and strong arc extinguishing ability, and the required series contact under the same
voltage is less than that of oil circuit breaker.
2) there are many times of breaking fault current and long maintenance period.
Because SF6 gas can recover itself after decomposition, and the decomposition
products under the action of arc do not contain carbon and other substances that
affect the internal insulation, the insulation strength of the gas will not decrease, so
that the maintenance period will be extended.
3) good open circuit performance. Due to the high thermal conductivity of SF6 gas ,
good cooling effect on contacts and conductors, no oxygen inside, no oxidation even
at high temperature, so the circuit breaking performance is good.
4) small floor area and strong anti pollution ability.
2.1 SF6 断路器的优点
1) 断口耐压高。 SF6 断路器介质强度高 , 灭弧能力强 , 在同一电压下所需串联的
断口少于油断路器。
2) 遮断故障电流的次数多，检修周期长。因 SF6 气体分解后可以自行恢复，在
电弧作用下的分解物不含有碳等影响内绝缘的物质，所以断路后气体的绝缘强度
不下降，使检修周期延长。
3) 断路性能好。由于 SF6 气体分子导热率高，对触头和导体的冷却效果好，内
部又不存在氧气，即使高温下也不存在氧化的，因此断路性能好。
4) 占地面积小，抗污染能力强。
3.1 interrupting chamber
within the interrupting chamber,SF6 gas is used for both arc extinguishing and internal
insulation.The external insulation is air.For the interruption,a combination of self-
extinguishing and the puffer principle is used.A design optimised to achive a
significant reduction in operating energy.This self-pressurising principle allows high-
breaking capacities as well as almost overvoltage-free interruption of small (inductive)
currents. Separate contact systems for breaking and for continuous current carrying
are used. This allows wear/erosion of the continuous current contacts and ensures
trouble-free current carrying even after a large number of operations.
3.1 灭弧室
在灭弧室内， SF6 气体用于灭弧和内绝缘，外绝缘为空气。断路器分断时，采用
了自熄和吹气原理相结合的设计。这种设计可显著降低操作能量。这种自增压原
理允许高分段能力和几乎无过电压的小电流 ( 感应 ) 断流。分断和连续载流采用
单独的接触系统。这允许连续电流触点的磨损 / 侵蚀，并确保即使在大量操作后
也能无故障地承载电流。
3.2 Hydraulic spring drive
The hydraulic spring operating mechanism combinesthe advantages of a hydraulic ope
rating mechanism with those of a spring energy storage system. Energy storage is acco
mplished with the aid of a disk spring assembly, with the advantages of high long-term
stability, reliability and non-influence of temperature changes. Tripping of the operatin
g mechanism and energy output are based on proven design elements of the hydrauli
c operating technique, such as control valves and hydraulic cylinders .The operating m
echanism is based on the so-called differential piston principle (between the larger pis
ton head side area and the smaller piston rod side area). For the closing operation the
piston head side is isolated from the low pressure and simultaneously connected to th
e high pressure oil volume. As long as the pressure is maintained, the piston remains i
n the CLOSED position. A pressure controlled mechanical interlock prevents movemen
t of the piston to the OPEN position in case of a pressure drop
3.2 液压弹簧传动
液压弹簧操动机构结合了液压操动机构和弹簧储能系统的优点。储能采用碟形弹
簧组件，具有长期稳定性高、可靠性好、不受温度变化影响等优点。操作机构的
跳闸和能量输出基于液压操作技术的成熟设计元素，如控制阀和液压缸。操作机
构基于所谓的差动活塞原理（在较大的活塞头侧面积和较小的活塞杆侧面积之
间）。对于合闸操作，活塞头侧与低压隔离，同时连接到高压油量。只要保持压
力，活塞就保持在合闸位置。压力控制的机械联锁装置防止在压力下降时活塞移
动到分闸位置
For the opening operation, the piston head side is isolated from the high pressure and
simultaneously connected to the low pressure oil volume.The charging state of the spr
ing disk assembly is controlled by switching elements, actuating the pump motor to im
mediately maintain the oil pressure. For emergency use or maintenance, charging of t
he spring disk assembly and tripping is possible locally. The fully integrated constructio
n has no hydraulic pipe connections of any kind.
A non-return valve between pump and high-pressure oil volume prevents pressure
loss in the event of a pump outage. The hydraulic system is hermetically sealed against
atmosphere (no corrosion). The mechanically operated position indicator provides
relible indication of the circuit-breaker position.
The drive operates all three breaker poles simultaneously by mechanical linkages, thus
keeping the switching time difference between the poles to a minimum
分闸操作时，活塞头侧与高压隔离，同时与低压油量相连。弹簧组件的充油状态
由开关元件控制，启动泵电机以立即保持油压。对于紧急使用或维护，弹簧组件
的充电和跳闸在本地是可能的。完全集成的结构没有任何类型的液压管道连接。
泵和高压油量之间的止回阀可防止泵停机时的压力损失。液压系统对大气密封
（无腐蚀）。机械操作位置指示器提供断路器位置的可释放指示。
驱动器通过机械连杆同时操作所有三个断路器极，从而将极间的切换时间差保持
在最小值
OPENING CLOSING
3.3 SF6 gas density monitoring system
The breaking capacity of an SF6 circuit-breaker and the dielectric withstand level acros
s its open contacts is dependent upon the density of the SF6 gas.Under the condition
of constant volume the gas density is independent of the gas temperature, while the
pressure varies with the temperature. It is therefore more practical to measure and us
e the gas density rather than the pressure for circuit-breaker supervisory purposes.
The functional principle of the density monitor is shown in below diagram. The densit
y monitor operates according to the reference-volume-density principle, The density o
f the gas in the circuit-breaker chamber is compared with the density of the gas in a se
aled reference gas volume. When the gas density drops below the specified value, the
density monitor signals the loss of SF6 gas in several steps
It is mounted on the crankcase of the middle pole.Since the gas volumes of the three
breaker poles are connected via the refilling pipe only one SF6 gas denity monitor per
breaker is required to supervise the gas density.
3.3 SF6 气体密度监测系统
SF6 断路器的分断能力和开触点的介电耐受水平取决于 SF6 气体的密度，在容量
一定的条件下，气体密度与气体温度无关，压力随温度变化。因此，测量和使用
气体密度比用于断路器监控目的的压力更为实际。
密度监视器的功能原理如下图所示。密度监视器根据参考体积密度原理工作，将
断路器室中气体的密度与密封参考体积中气体的密度进行比较。当气体密度降到
规定值以下时，密度监视器分几步发出 SF6 气体减少的信号
它安装在中间杆的曲轴箱上，由于三个断路器杆的气体体积通过加注管连接，因
此每个断路器只需要一个 SF6 气体密度监测器来监测气体密度。
4.1 Location of GCB

in drawings
4.2 GCB opening and closing locking relationship GCB 分合闸闭锁关系
4.2 GCB opening and closing locking relationship GCB 分合闸闭锁关系
4.3 Disconnector opening and closing locking relationship 隔离开关分合闸闭锁关
系
HOLE FOR HAND CRA

NK
MUST BE COVERED
AND KEY REMOVED
4.4 ES opening and closing locking relationship ES 分合闸闭锁关系
HOLE FOR HAND CRA

NK
MUST BE COVERED
AND KEY REMOVED
4.4 ES opening and closing locking relationship ES 分合闸闭锁关系
HOLE FOR HAND CRA

NK
MUST BE COVERED
AND KEY REMOVED
POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT
POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT
For disconnector and earthing swit

ch drive motor 用于隔离开关以及
接地开关驱动电机
CLOSE CIRCUIT
GCB 控制
方式开关
GCB
SF6 闭锁合 Control
闸 / 分闸 1 Mode
SF6 Switch
Blocking
Close/Trip 1
可根据数字找到相应继电器辅助触点使用
的地方
The auxiliary contact of corresponding rel
ay can be found according to the number
CLOSE CIRCUIT
It is more reliable to co
nnect the three contact
The close s of K11 relay in series
command from in the manual closing ci
upper computer rcuit. 将 K11 继电器的
or LCU 三个触点串联在手动合
闸回路，更加可靠。
CLOSE
CIRCUIT
MONITORING
DEVICE
GCB Closing
Counter
During remote closing, the control signal flows to the closing coil along the red line in the figure, the closing coil gets power, and GCB is closed. After GCB is clo
sed, S0 (07 / 08) is closed, K1 relay gets power, K1 relay auxiliary normally open contact is closed, K1 relay auxiliary normally closed contact is open, GCB con
trol circuit is open, GCB is no longer closed.
远方合闸时，控制信号沿图中红线流向合闸线圈，合闸线圈得电， GCB 合闸。 GCB 合闸之后， S0(07/08) 闭合， K1 继电器得电， K1 继电器辅助常开触点闭合，
K1 继电器辅助常闭触电断开， GCB 控制回路断开， GCB 不再合闸。
When the circuit breaker is closed to the permanent fault circuit, the relay protection
acts and the circuit breaker trips; if the closing command of the circuit breaker is not r
eleased at this time, the circuit breaker will be closed again, so the repeatedly closing
and opening - closing and opening of the circuit breaker is called circuit breaker
bouncing.The occurrence of bouncing may cause the circuit breaker to explode.
当断路器合闸于永久性故障电路时继电保护动作，断路器跳闸；若此时断路器合
闸命令仍未解除，断路器将再次合闸，这样断路器反复合分 - 合分称为断路器跳
跃。跳跃情况的发生，可能致使断路器爆炸。
TRIP 1 CIRCUIT
TRIP 2 CIRCUIT
TRIP 2 CIRCUIT
GCB 储能电机
GCB Energy Storage Motor
HEATING-LIGHTING
温度 / 湿度控制器
Temperature / humidity controlle
r
CIRCUIT-BREAKER Q0
机组侧电压监视
VOLTAGE MONITORING
GENERATOR SIDE
CIRCUIT-BREAKER Q0
POSITION INDICATOR
POSITION INDICATOR
POSITION INDICATOR
SIGNAL CONTACT
SIGNAL CONTACT
DISCONNECTOR Q9
DISCONNECTOR Q9
EARTHING SWITCH Q81
EARTHING SWITCH Q81
EARTHING SWITCH Q82
EARTHING SWITCH Q82
5.1 Operation considerations
1) when operating the circuit breaker, disconnector and earthing switch, it is necessar
y to prevent the occurrence of misoperation events (misopening / misclosing of circuit
breaker; opening / closing disconnector with load and closing CB with earthing wire)
2) when the circuit breaker is powered off for maintenance, the primary equipment sh
all be stopped first, and then the secondary equipment; when the power supplying af
ter maintenance, the secondary equipment shall be put into operation first, and then t
he primary equipment.
3) the power outage sequence of the circuit breaker is: when the generator is in
stopping state, first open the circuit breaker, then open the disconnector, and then clo
se the earthing switch after the power inspection that there is no voltage.
4) when the circuit breaker control mode is in the remote position, the on / off comm
and of the upper computer is valid; when the circuit breaker control mode is in the loc
al position, the on / off command of the local computer is valid.
5) no matter remote or local opening / closing operation, the opening / closing comm
and of the circuit breaker cannot exist all the time.
6) when operating the disconnector, whether it is remote or local opening / closing, th
e hand crank hole must be covered and the key removed.
7) when the SF6 density is low to the alarm value, the reason for the low SF6 density
must be checked immediately; when the SF6 density is low to the lock value, the remo
te automatic or local manual operation cannot be carried out.
5.1 操作注意事项
1) 在操作断路器、隔离开关、接地开关时，必须防止误操作事件的发生（误拉 /
误合断路器；带负荷拉、合隔离开关、带地线合闸）
2) 断路器停电检修时，先停一次设备，再停二次设备；检修完成后送电时，先
投入二次设备，然后投入一次设备。
3) 断路器停电顺序为，机组在停机态，先拉开断路器，然后拉开隔离开关，经
验明确无电压后，才能合上接地倒闸。
4) 断路器控制方式在远方位置时，上位机分 / 合闸命令才有效；断路器控制方
式在现地位置时，现地分 / 合闸命令才有效。
5) 不管是远方还是现地分 / 合闸操作，断路器分 / 合闸命令不能一直存在。
6) 当操作隔离开关时，不管是远方远方还是现地分 / 合闸，必须盖住手摇曲柄
孔并取下钥匙。
7) 当 SF6 密度低至报警值时，必须立即进行检查 SF6 密度低的原因；当 SF6 密度
低至闭锁值时，远方自动或现地手动均不能进行分 / 合闸操作。
5.2 inspection focus points
1) the opening / closing indication of the circuit breaker shall be correct;
2) there shall be no abnormal sound inside the energy storage motor and circuit break
er;
3) the opening and closing coils of the circuit breaker shall be free from burning smell,
smoke and burn;
4) the grounding housing or support of the circuit breaker shall be well grounded;
5) the circuit breaker housing or operating mechanism box shall be complete and free
of rust;
6) the SF6 density of circuit breaker shall be within the specified range and recorded r
egularly;
5.2 检查重点
1) 断路器分 / 合闸指示应正确；
2) 储能电机及断路器内部应无异常声音；
3) 断路器的分合闸线圈应无焦味、冒烟和烧伤现象；
4) 断路器接地外壳或支架接地应良好；
5) 断路器外壳或操作机构箱应完整、无锈蚀；
6) 断路器 SF6 密度在指示应在规定的范围内，并定期记录；
6 Maintenance considerations, planning/ Preventive maintenance time
table 维护注意事项、规划 / 预防性维护时间表
6.1 regular maintenance work
1) conduct leakage detection for SF6 circuit breaker on a regular basis. If SF6 leakage is
found, handle it immediately;
2) conduct inspection on SF6 circuit breaker regularly, and report and deal with any
abnormality immediately.
6.1 维护定期工作
1) 定期对 SF6 断路器进行检漏操作，如发现 SF6 泄漏，应立即处理；
2) 定期对 SF6 断路器进行巡视检查，如发现异常应立即汇报并处理。
6.2 planning/ Preventive maintenance time
SF6 circuit breaker planning / preventive maintenance schedule reference 400kV
Busbar and Line (Switchyard)
6.2 规划 / 预防性维护时间表
SF6 断路器规划 / 预防性维护时间表参考配电系统
6.3 regulations of circuit breaker abnormal operation
1) in case of incomplete phase opening and closing of the circuit breaker, first restore
the three-phase closing or opening, and then do other treatment.
2) when the air pressure of SF6 circuit breaker is reduced to lock the opening and
closing circuits, it is forbidden to operate the circuit breaker manually or release the
lock without permission. At this time, the control power supply of the fault circuit
breaker shall be disconnected immediately, and measures shall be taken in time to
disconnect the upper level circuit breaker and exit the fault circuit breaker from
operation.
3) after cutting off the short-circuit fault current, the high-voltage circuit breaker can
be reclosed after more than three minutes.
4) after the circuit breaker equipped with spring operating mechanism is closed, if the
power supply of energy storage motor is lost or the energy storage circuit fails to store
energy, the circuit breaker can continue to operate, but the reason shall be found out
as soon as possible to restore it to normal. At this time, if the mechanism shows no
energy storage, the line reclosing shall be disabled.
5) after the rated short circuit current of SF6 circuit breaker for four times, the circuit
breaker shall be arranged for disassembly inspection.
6) for the circuit breaker with operation self holding contact, in case of operation
rejection, the DC operation power supply shall be pulled and closed once. At the same
time, check the status of the opening and closing position relays, if any abnormality is
found, immediately notify the maintenance personnel for handling.
7) when the actual short-circuit breaking capacity of the circuit breaker is close to the
short-circuit capacity of the operation site, forced power supply shall not be allowed
after the short-circuit fault breaking, and automatic reclosing shall be stopped.
6.3 断路器异常操作规定
1 ）断路器出现非全相分、合闸时，首先要恢复三相全合或全分，然后再做其
它处理。
2 ）当 SF6 断路器出现气压降低闭锁分、合闸回路时，禁止手动操作断路器，
也不准擅自解除闭锁进行操作。此时应立即断开故障断路器的控制电源，及时采
取措施，断开上一级断路器，将故障断路器退出运行。
3 ）高压断路器切断短路故障电流后，须经三分钟以上的时间方可再合闸。
4 ）配有弹簧操作机构的断路器在合闸后，储能电动机电源失去或储能回路故
障不能储能时，断路器可以继续运行，但应尽快查明原因将其恢复正常。此时如
果机构显示未储能，则应将线路重合闸停用。
5 ） SF6 断路器切断额定短路电流四次后，应安排对断路器进行分解检查。
6 ）带有操作自保持接点的断路器，当发生操作拒动时，应迅速拉、合直流操
作电源一次。同时检查分、合闸位置继电器的状态，发现异常，立即通知检修人
员处理。
7 ）断路器的实际短路开断容量接近于运行地点的短路容量时，在短路故障开
断后禁止强送，并应停用自动重合闸。
6.4 regulations of circuit breaker normal operation
1) before the power transmission operation of the circuit breaker, check that the
switch positions in the control box of the circuit breaker are correct, the switch of the
operation power supply, control power supply and signal power supply in the central
control room are closed, the operation mechanism has stored energy, and the
operation conditions are met.
2) after the high-voltage circuit breaker stops running and before it is put into
operation after maintenance, a remote opening and closing test shall be conducted
(no test shall be conducted in case of standby). During the test, at least one set of
series disconnectors is in the off state, and the action of the circuit breaker and the
operation of the energy storage motor are checked at the same time.
3) the circuit breaker can be operated when the air pressure is normal, the operating
mechanism has stored energy and the operating power supply is normal. In general,
the remote operation mode is adopted. In case of accident handling or remote
operation failure, manual operation can be carried out locally. If it is judged that the
fault may still exist, it shall not be closed manually on site.
4) during the closing and opening operation of the operating circuit breaker, pay
attention to monitor whether the position signal and meter change of the circuit
breaker are normal, and the operating handle should not return too fast.
5) when the circuit breaker with spring energy storage is under power outage
maintenance, the energy stored by its operating mechanism shall be released. That is
to say, when the series isolating switch is disconnected, the energy storage power
supply is cut off and the energy is released by the method of closing and opening the
circuit breaker manually.
6.4 断路器正常操作规定
1 ）断路器在送电操作前，应检查断路器控制箱内的各开关位置正确，中控室
的操作电源、控制电源、信号电源开关合上，操作机构已储能，具备运行操作条
件。
2 ）高压断路器在停止运行后和检修后投入运行前，均应作一次远方分、合闸
试验（备用时不作试验）。在试验时，至少有一组串联隔离开关在切断状态，同
时检查断路器的动作情况及储能电机的运转情况。
3 ）断路器在气压正常、操作机构已储能、操作电源正常的情况下方可操作。
一般采用远方操作方式，在事故处理或远方操作失灵时，可在现地进行手动操
作。如果判断故障可能依然存在时，不得在现地手动合闸操作。
4 ）运行断路器在合、分闸操作中，应注意监视断路器的位置信号和表计变化
是否正常，操作把手不宜返回太快。
5 ）弹簧储能的断路器在停电检修时，应将其操作机构储存的能量释放。即在
串联隔离开关断开的情况下，切断储能电源，用手动合、分断路器的方法释能。
7.1 air leakage of SF6 circuit breaker
phenomenon
SF6 gas pressure low alarm from upper computer
handle
Make up gas according to the pressure temperature curve of SF6 gas to make it reach
the rated pressure; make up gas can be carried out in the charged operation state.
7.1 SF6 断路器漏气
现象
上位机发出 SF6 气体压力低告警
处理
可按 SF6 气体压力 - 温度曲线进行补气 , 使其达到额定压力 ; 补气时可在带电运
行状态下进行。
7.2 SF6 circuit breaker fails to close locally
phenomenon
When SF6 circuit breaker is closed locally, the closing is not successful.
Handle
1) use a multimeter to check whether the operation power supply of the circuit break
er is normal;
2) check whether the locking contact (k90d) of disconnector is normal (closed positio
n);
3) check whether the three series connection points of K11 relay are in the closed posi
tion;
4) check whether the SF6 locking contact is in the normal position (closed position);
5) check whether the locking contact of the hydraulic spring is in the normal position
(closed position);
6) check whether the auxiliary position contact of the circuit breaker is in the normal p
osition (closed position);
7) check whether the auxiliary contact of K1 relay is in normal position (closed positio
n);
8) check whether the closing coil of the circuit breaker is in good condition.
7.2 SF6 断路器现地合闸失败
现象
SF6 断路器现地合闸时，合闸不成功。
处理
1) 使用万用表检查断路器操作电源是否正常；
2) 检查现地合闸回路隔离开关闭锁接点 (K90D) 是否正常 ( 闭合位置 ) ；
3) 检查 K11 继电器三个串连接点是否在闭合位置；
4) 检查 SF6 闭锁接点是否在正常位置 ( 闭合位置 ) ；
5) 检查液压弹簧闭锁接点是否在正常位置 ( 闭合位置 ) ；
6) 检查断路器辅助位置接点是否在正常位置 ( 闭合位置 ) ；
7) 检查 K1 继电器辅助接点是否在正常位置 ( 闭合位置 ) ；
8) 检查断路器合闸线圈是否完好。

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中电建水电开发集团有限公司

powerChinahydropowerdevelopmentgroup co. ， LTD

4.1 Location of GCB

HOLE FOR HAND CRA

HOLE FOR HAND CRA

HOLE FOR HAND CRA

For disconnector and earthing swit

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