BES 2 - Dynamics of Rigid Bodies

Rectilinear Kinematics
(Erratic Motion)
Prepare by: Sir Kristian Nino J. Ignacio
Petroleum Engineering Department
2022
Learning Outcomes
• Understand the relationships between s-t, v-t, v-s and a-t
graphs.
• Calculate position, velocity and acceleration from graphing s-
t, v-t, v-s and a-t graphs.
ERRATIC MOTION
• When a particle has erratic or changing motion then its position,
velocity, and acceleration cannot be described by a single
continuous mathematical function along the entire path.
• a series of functions will be required to specify the motion at
different intervals
• it is convenient to represent the motion as a graph.
 ERRATIC MOTION
If a graph of the motion that relates any two of the
variables s, v, a, t can be drawn, then this graph can
be used to construct subsequent graphs relating two
other variables since the variables are related by the
differential relationships v = ds/dt, a = dv/dt, or a ds
= v dv.
VELOCITY AS THE SLOPE OF S-T GRAPH
VELOCITY AS THE SLOPE OF S-T GRAPH
ACCELERATION AS THE SLOPE OF V-T GRAPH
ACCELERATION AS THE SLOPE OF V-T GRAPH
GRAPH CONSTRUCTION: V-T GRAPH
GRAPH CONSTRUCTION: S-T GRAPH
GRAPH CONSTRUCTION: V-S GRAPH FROM A-S GRAPH
ACCELERATION FROM V=S GRAPH
ERRATIC MOTION
EXAMPLE 1:
A BICYCLE MOVES ALONG A STRAIGHT ROAD SUCH THAT ITS POSITION IS DESCRIBED BY THE GRAPH SHOWN.
CONSTRUCT THE V-T AND A–T GRAPHS FOR 0 < T <30 S.
v-t graph

@ 0 ≤ t < 10 s ;
@ 10 s < t ≤ 30s ;

if t = 20 s;
a-t graph
@ 0 ≤ t < 10 s ;
@ 10 s < t ≤ 30s;
EXAMPLE 2:
The v–s graph describing the motion of a motorcycle is shown. Construct the a–s graph of the motion and determine the time needed for the
motorcycle to reach the position s = 400 ft.
• a-s graph
@ 0 ≤ s < 200 ft.

@ 200ft < s ≤ 400ft

• to solve to ‘t’
@ 0 ≤ s < 200 ft.

sec.

@
@ 200 ft < s ≤ 400 ft

@ s = 400ft
SEATWORK
The dragster starts from rest and has an acceleration described by the
graph. Construct the v-t graph for the time interval 0 ≤ t ≤ t’ where t' is the
time for the car to come to rest.