Lecture 2: Kinematics of a particle

(Rectilinear Kinematics)

1
2.1 Rectilinear Kinematics: Erratic Motion
When a particle has erratic or changing motion, then its position, velocity,
and acceleration cannot be described by a single continuous mathematical
function along the entire path. Instead, a series of functions will be required
to specify the motion at different intervals. For this reason, it is convenient
to represent the motion as a graph.
‫ فال يمكن وصف موضعه وسرعته وتسارعه من خالل دالة رياضية‬، ‫عندما يكون للجسيم حركة غير منتظمة أو متغيرة‬
‫ ستكون هناك حاجة لسلسلة من الدوال لتحديد الحركة على فترات زمنية‬، ‫لذلك‬.‫واحدة مستمرة على طول المسار بأكمله‬
.‫ من المالئم تمثيل الحركة على شكل رسم بياني‬، ‫لهذا السبب‬. ‫مختلفة‬
 ➢ The s-t, v-t, and a-t Graphs:
• Slope of s-t graph = velocity, this relation is shown in fig. below by
considering the slope of the tangent at different points of the s-t graph.
• Slope of v-t graph = acceleration, this relation is shown in fig. below by
considering the slope of the tangent at different points of the v-t graph.
➢ The v-s, and a-s Graphs
Slope of v-s graph = acceleration, this relation is shown in fig. below by
considering the slope of the tangent at different points of the v-t graph.
Example (2.1)

Solution
➢ s-t Graph:
➢ 𝟎 ≤ 𝒕 < 𝟑𝟎
➢ 𝟑𝟎 ≤ 𝒕 < 𝟓𝟎

➢ a-t Graph:
➢ 𝟎 ≤ 𝒕 < 𝟑𝟎

➢ 𝟑𝟎 ≤ 𝒕 < 𝟓𝟎
v = 12 m/s
Example (2.2)

Solution
➢ v-t Graph:
𝒗 = 𝒗𝒐 + 𝒂𝒄 𝒕
𝒗 = 𝟎 + 𝒂𝒄 𝒕

𝒗 = 𝒗𝒐 + 𝒂𝒄 𝒕
➢ s-t Graph:

➢ 𝟎 ≤ 𝒕 < 𝟏𝟓

➢ 15 ≤ 𝒕 < 𝟐𝟎