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Introduction

• Definition
• A paradigm is a “worldview” or a set of assumptions about how things work

• A research paradigm is a worldview that is informed by philosophical


assumptions about:
• The nature of reality

• Ways of knowing

• Ethics and value systems

• Approaches to inquiry
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Introduction …

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Research paradigms

• Four interrelated philosophical assumptions are important


to define a research paradigm
1. Ontology – the nature of social reality, what we believe about
the nature of reality

2. Epistemology – ways of knowing, how we know what we know

3. Axiology – ethics and value systems, what we believe is true

4. Methodology – appropriate approaches to systematic inquiry,


how we should study the world
4
Introduction

• Definition
• A paradigm is a “worldview” or a set of assumptions about how things work

• A research paradigm is a worldview that is informed by philosophical


assumptions about:
• The nature of reality

• Ways of knowing

• Ethics and value systems

• Approaches to inquiry
5
Introduction …

6
Research paradigms

• Four interrelated philosophical assumptions are important


to define a research paradigm
1. Ontology – the nature of social reality, what we believe about
the nature of reality

2. Epistemology – ways of knowing, how we know what we know

3. Axiology – ethics and value systems, what we believe is true

4. Methodology – appropriate approaches to systematic inquiry,


how we should study the world
7
Introduction

• Definition
• A paradigm is a “worldview” or a set of assumptions about how things work

• A research paradigm is a worldview that is informed by philosophical


assumptions about:
• The nature of reality

• Ways of knowing

• Ethics and value systems

• Approaches to inquiry
8
Introduction …

9
Research paradigms

• Four interrelated philosophical assumptions are important


to define a research paradigm
1. Ontology – the nature of social reality, what we believe about
the nature of reality

2. Epistemology – ways of knowing, how we know what we know

3. Axiology – ethics and value systems, what we believe is true

4. Methodology – appropriate approaches to systematic inquiry,


how we should study the world
10

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