GE Renewables

ENERGY STORAGE
OVERVIEW

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 Energy Storage Systems Comparison
Energy
10 kWh 100 kWh 1 MWh 10 MWh 100 MWh Lead Lithium Redox- Pumped
10 sec CAES
Acid Ion Flow Hydro

Overview
Discharge Duration

15 min

LCOE >$100 >$150

>$300 >$100 >$250*
($/MWh) (select sites) (select sites)
30 min
kWh/m3 50 - 100 200 - 300 20 - 30 2 - 10 0.5

Durations 0.1 – 1 hours 0.1 – 6 hours 4 – 8 hours 6 – 12 hours +12 hours

Efficiency 75% – 85% 90% - 95% 60% - 75% 55% - 70% 80%
1 hour
Cycle life 300 - 800 1500 - 3000 10,000* +20 year +20 year
- Low Cycle - Fire - Poor - Geology - Geology
and Protection reliability requiremen requiremen
calendar - Large - Low ts ts
8 hour Limitation life scale energy - Permitting - Water
- Self controls density hurdles availability
& - - - -
discharge Self Acid & Minimum Permits
Challenge - Lead discharge toxic size - Minimum
toxicity - Temp materials size
sensitivity

* Unsubstantiated
Application and geography drive technology selection
Li-Ion most feasible in many applications

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 Battery Storage: Unprecedented Flexibility in Grid Optimization
1 Baseload cause renewables to be curtailed Summer day under 50% renewable conditions
Energy Storage is charged with free or negative priced energy
40
2
2 Peak Load
30

System Demand (MW)

Energy Storage is discharged during peak demand periods
3
20 5
3 Fast Ramping
Energy Storage is discharged to support on large load growth 10
1
BASELOAD
4 Spinning Reserve 0

Energy Storage discharges during dynamic events (clouds)

-10 4

5 Frequency Regulation
Energy Storage continuously charges and discharges to 00:00 06:00 12:00 18:00 24:00
maintain grid stability Time

Energy storage provides instantaneous local capacity, and continuous ancillary services with no fuel consumption or emissions

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Services That Battery Energy Storage can Provide
Frequency SERVICE
Frequent Use

Regulation (AGC) Shifting CLASS

Capacity Power
Increase Factor Solar Load
Following Reactive
Voltage Fast Frequency Peak
Regulation Regulation (FFR) Management
Energy
TOU Rate
Contingency
Power Factor Optimization
Correction
Firming Schedule
VALUE TYPE
Capex Savings
Demand Charge
Management
Revenue
Frequency
Savings
Response
Infrequent Use

Value

Curtailment
Avoidance Ramp
Rate
Capacity
Spinning
Synthetic Reserve
Inertia Non-Spinning
UPS (Critical Blackstart Reserve
Loads) Backup
Power
Short Discharge (High Power) Long Discharge (High Energy)

Stacking of services may be required to realize full value

Flexible Storage solutions for multiple business cases
Stand-alone Storage
Delivering high reliability
High Frequency
Applications
Power Applications for
• Frequency Regulation
• Grid Stability
Optimized system sizing
• Riding the degradation curve
Service Contracts
• Long term svs contracts
Hybrid Solutions with storage: Optimal sizing + Optimal operation
Hybrid Solar & Wind Hybrid EGT Microgrids
System modelling expertise LM6000/2500 Lowest cost of energy
Utility & Behind the Meter Upgrade Option Prosumers buying & selling new
Optimize Asset utilization energy services
Energy Applications for Electric Gas Turbine: Mature markets:
• Peak Shifting / Arbitrage • 10MW battery with integrated • Maximize energy efficiency in more
• Increase load factor (avoid grid controls and more constrained networks
upgrade costs) • Unit Fuel and emission savings • Managing growing complexity in
• Avoid curtailment • Synthetic inertia features distribution networks due to
• Increase predictability (Higher multiplication of electrical needs &
P90) distributed energy sources
Next Gen Hybrids:
Power Applications for • Jenbacher Units Emerging markets:
• Ramp Rate Control • Simple/combined Cycle Frame • Non-connected architecture
Units
• Access to energy, Security of supply in
remote areas with renewables potential
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EGT : The world's first battery storage and gas turbine hybrid
OPTIMIZING GENERATION FLEETS … LM6000 gas SCE SUCCESS, FROM PILOT TO REPLICABLE
peaker INNOVATION

Gas Energy Digital

EGT Turbine Storage Controls Southern California Edison (SCE),
a longstanding GE customer with
many thermal units.
Reduced System Energy Costs
EGT benefits
GE EGT TM
Power

• Immediately Responsive Successful completion in 2 sites in

contingency reserve California
• 50MW of GHG-free
• ZERO fuel burn when non
operational Center Site

Storage
+ Turbine
Grapeland Site

Time
Revenues

Enhanced Reliability
Improved Dispatch
Spinning Reserve EGT, GE’s Hybrid Electric Gas Turbine prospects
Lower fuel use
Costs

High Speed Working to replicate success in Australia, US and Europe on

Lower GHG emissions
Regulation LM6000 and other GT models
Less thermal stress
Hybrid Generation

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 Global Outlook Europe
 Existing ancillary services markets: UK,
Germany, Spain, Italy
United States  Existing fast frequency response markets:
UK
 Existing Fast Frequency Response Markets: PJM  Free competition of BESS with other
and CAISO technologies
 Existing real-time Market
 Other Market mechanisms also available:
capacity, day-ahead, ...
 Free entry into the market
 Specific targets for Energy Storage installed base

India
 Pilot tendering on PV+BESS
 Hourly spot Market
 Weak transmission grids
 Low cost of renewables (wind and solar)

Latin America
 Ancillary Services Markets: Mexico, Chile,
Colombia
 No specific regulation for BESS: no products
specific to BESS (e.g., FFR)
 Capacity markets: Mexico
 Some countries already suffering renewables
curtailment: Brazil, Uruguay, Guatemala Australia
 Emerging BESS Markets: Mexico and Chile
 Short-term opportunities in balancing and
peaking capacity market
 Potential shift for “firm renewables” with
specific auctions for hybrid power plants

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Lessons Learned & Best practices
1 Stacking of services
Allows for more cost-effective solutions

2 Stimulate hybrid technologies (solar, wind, batteries, gas, ...)

Allows to solve issues closer to the source and more cost-effective solutions

3 Mix shorter and longer duration services

Allows more cost-effective solutions

4 Integrated expansion and operations planning

One deals with more granular events, defining which assets to use,
and the other defines the new assets needed by the grid

5 Be open to all technologies

Build an open market environment so all technologies can
compete, and let the most efficient technology win

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