NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY RAIPUR

TITLE
OPTIMUM DESIGN

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

SUBMITTED BY
Dr. Vijyendra Kumar
shirsh mishra 20113059
(Assistant Professor)
 INTRODUCTION

• Act of obtaining the best result under the given circumstances.

• The ultimate goal is to minimize effort and maximize the desired benefit.

• Function of certain decision variables.

 OPTIMUM DESIGN

• Process of selecting the best possible designs satisfying certain criteria of feasible or
adequate designs.
• Design of complex system requires large calculation often repetitively for various
combinations of design variables.
• Typical factors would be total cost per unit of production or per unit of time, profit, amount
of final product per unit of time, and percent conversion. Once the basis is determined, it is
necessary to develop relationships showing how the different variables involved affect the
chosen factor. Finally, these relationships are combined graphically or analytically to give
the desired optimum conditions.
 APPLICATIONS

• Design of civil engineering structures such as frames, foundations, bridges, towers,

chimneys and dams for minimum cost
• Minimum weight design of structures for earthquakes, wind and other types of random
loading.
• Design of water resources systems for maximum benefit
• Design of aircraft and aerospace structures for minimum weight
 CLASSIFICATION OF DESIGN PARAMETERS

• These design parameters are related to each other by number of equations, classified as:

• Functional Parameters
• Material Parameters
• Geometrical Parameters
 PARAMETERS

• Maximizing Parameters:
 Power transmission capacity, load carrying capacity, energy storing capacity etc.

• Minimizing Parameters:
 Cost, weight, size, stress, deflection etc.
 FUNCTIONAL PARAMETER

• Conditions satisfied by mechanical element if machine used for function

satisfactory
• Eg. Cost, weight, strength
• Not always limited to single specific values to obtain best design.
• Individual functional parameters are either dependent or independent to each
other.
 MATERIAL PARAMETER

• Describe the material values

• eg. Density, modulus of elasticity, poisons ratio ultimate strength
• Values of materials can be changed or selected in discrete steps
• The values are unique, eg. Poison’s ratio of steel different form that of cast iron
 GEOMETRICAL PARAMETER

• Define the geometry of mechanical element

• Eg. For a spur gear are module, number of teeth, face width, pressure angle etc.
• Desirable to select an independent geometrical parameters which uniquely define the
geometry of mechanical element
 Example
 One typical example of an optimum economic design is determining the pipe
diameter to use when pumping a given amount of fluid from one point to another.

 An economic balance will show that one particular pipe diameter gives the least
total cost. The total cost includes the cost for pumping the liquid and the cost
(i.e., fixed charges) for the installed piping system.
ADVANTAGES OF OPTIMUM DESIGN
 Efficiency

 Cost-Effectiveness

 Performance

 Safety and Reliability

 Environmental Impact