Romanticism

in Art

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Neoclassical Art
-Neoclassical art or
Neoclassicism in the arts is an
aesthetic attitude based on the
art of Greece and Rome in
antiquity, which invokes
harmony, clarity, restraint,
universality, and idealism.
How did the neoclassical movement in arts
come about?
• Many artists during the mid-17th century profited much
from the nobles and royals. They did this by catering to
the vanities and extravagance of the rich people during
those times as they were commissioned to paint for
them.
What are the characteristics of Neoclassical
art?
• Neoclassical art appears calm and clear. Although
feelings are restrained, the expression looks complete.
• Portrayal of Roman history, formal composition, the use of
diagonals to show the peak of an emotion or moment, local
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color, overall lighting and classic geo-structure.
Who are the famous artists
that represent the
Neoclassical period?
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 • He was born in wealthy parents, but
David chose to work with the
revolutionaries of his time.

He had excellent education in art and

literature.

David was highly educated in classical

culture and literature.

He used his knowledge in Roman and

Greek cultures in expressing his political
views against the French monarchial
Jacques- Louis David system.
(1748-1825) French
 • He portrayed the grandeur of characters
of ancient Greek and Romans in defining
and protecting the affairs of their
particular state.

The Death of Socrates

(1787)
 • In the Oath of the horatti, the
patriotic three sons on the left
firmly saluted in the gesture of a
gladiator who is ready to die

The Oath of the

Horatti (1784)
 • David’s masterpiece shows the portrayal
of a revolutionary martyr.

This is a painting of a French

revolutionary leader Jean-Paul Marat.

The Death of Marat

(1793)
 • Ingres was a student of David. But he
did not join the militant movement like
his teacher. Though not a revolutionary,
Ingres had a strong admiration to the
strong personality of the post-
revolutionary leader, Emperor Napoleon.

Ingres was a highly gifted artist. He went

to Rome as a scholar. His academic
success went as far as being appointed
President in the most prestigious art
university in France, the Ecole des beaux
Jean Auguste Domininique Arts.
Ingres
(1780-1867) France
 • One of Ingre’s favorite subject is the
heroes of the Greek myths. He loved to
paint the gestures that shows the ideas of
righteousness and courage by the Greeks
and Romans.

Oedipus and the

Sphinx (1864)
 • Ingres’ admiration for the imposing
personality of Emperor Napoleon I is
shown in this majestic pose of the leader.

In this painting, Ingres shown Napoleon

not only as an Emperor of the French, but
almost as if he were a Divine ruler.

Napoleon I on his
Imperial Throne
(1806)
Antonio Canova
(1757-1822)
Italy
• Canova was a prolific Italian artist
and sculptor who became famous
for his marble sculptures that
delicately rendered nude flesh.
• He opened the idea for portraying
discrete sexual pleasures by using
pure contours with his
mythological compositions.
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 Psyche
Awakened by
Cupid’s kiss
• A marble sculpture
portraying the
relationship of Psyche and
Cupid

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 Francisco Jose de
Goya y Lucientes
(1746-1828)
Spanish artist
• He is considered one of the greatest
artists in Spain. In his childhood, he was
already tutored by a famous art teacher
named Luzan in Saragoza, Spain.
• He became the official painter of the of
the royal court of King Charles IV when
he went back to Spain.
• Goya became deaf due to an unknown
illness during his midlife.
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 The third of
May
(1808)
• Goya effectively portrayed
emotions of disappointment
and disgust over the killings of
ordinary Spaniards by French
soldiers in his painting “The
Third of May”

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 Isabel
(1805)
As a court painter, Goya
successfully portrayed Queen
Isabel’s dignified elegance and
composure.

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Romantic Period
the word romantic originally referred to something “romance- 16
like”.

• The word “romanticism” is a movement in art

and literature during the late 18th and early
19th centuries.
What are the ideas, moods, and messages that
are conveyed by the artworks of the Romantic
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period
• The arts during the romantic period were expressive of intense
feelings.

During the 18th century, feelings or emotion began to be

considered more important than reason.

Feelings and imagination began to be strongly reflected in the

visual arts.
What are the influences of the romantic
movement on the succeeding art movements?
1. The romantic movement affected the moral, social and political life of the 18
Europeans and Americans for almost (1800-1850)

2. The romantic movement contributed in the development of nationalistic

pride.

3. Romanticism highly influenced the next form of art.

4. A more direct influence of romanticism was Symbolism, which had refined or

intensified the romantic characters of highlighting emotions, imagination, and
dreamlike qualities.

5. Romanticism continues to influence the 20th century expressionism and

surrealism.
How did the artists during the romantic
period to the evolution of various forms
of art?

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Elements of
Romantic Art that
stretched
influences
Bold Painterly Strokes- it
represents movement and
energies.

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Barbizon
School of Art
(1830s-1860s)
The man with the hoe
(Jean-Francois Millet)- he
painted the hard life of
farmers.

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 Impressionism
(1870-1890)

La Grenouillere (Claude
Monet)- the waves and ripples
appear constantly moving because
of Monet’s round and thick strokes
of paint.

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 Modernism
(1940-1970)
Abstraction (Jackson
Pollock) – it is important to
note that the image of a
series of overlapping colors
was intentionally done by
the artist.
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Expressionism, Cubism, 3D and
installation art

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Expressionism
(1890-1930)
The Starry Night (Vincent
Van Gogh)- the swirling
shapes of starts seem
threatening , emitting a
strange feeling.

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 Cubism
(1910-1960)
La Femme qui pleure (Pablo
Picasso)- the subtle use
geometrical lines makes the
woman’s face seem to be
completely scared and in
horror.
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 3D and
installation
(1920-present)
3D installation of Guernico
(Pablo Picasso)- the
translation of this painting
into 3D form makes the
devastating bombing of the
Spanish city more real-like
than it seemed. 27
Who are the artists that best represent
the Romantic period?

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Eugene Ferdinand
Victor Delacroix
(1798-1863)

To achieve his He used thick and

purpose, Delacroix rough paints in texture
loved to paint the and subtly put colors in
climax of historical perfect harmony to
events and social point the noble an
activities courageous actuation 29
of man
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 Theodore
Gericault
(1791-1824)
• He was a major artist during
the French romantic
movement.
• He was well-known to portray
battle through paintings of
suffering and endurance rather
than heroism and glory.
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 Jean Francois
Millet

The Gleaners, 1857- millet’s

bold and thick strokes of paint
make the scene appear as harsh as
the difficult life of the farmers in
his community.

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J.M.W. Turner
Neapolitan Fisher Girls,
surprised, bathing, in
moonlight- Turner’s oil painting
late in life. He made use more of
the abstraction of form and space.

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