ABC RULES

A-ct as a student
B-e active
C -onquer yourself
GRADING SYSTEM

Written Work = 40 %
Performance Task = 40%
Periodical Exam = 20%
FORCE
and
MOTION
FORCE and MOTION
In the lower grades, you
learned that an object can
be moved by pushing or
pulling. In physics, this push
and pull is referred to as
force (F)..
FORCE and MOTION

FORCE – the primary cause

of changes in motion.

MOTION – the movement of

an object due to force.
FORCE and MOTION
If someone pushes the ball, it will
move or roll across the surface of the
table (Figure 1a).
FORCE and MOTION
And when it is again pushed in the
direction of its motion, it moves farther
and even faster (Figure 1b).
FORCE and MOTION
But when you push it on the other side
instead, opposite to the direction of its
motion, the ball may slow down and
eventually stop (Figure 1c).
FORCE and MOTION
Lastly, when you push it in a direction
different from its original direction of
motion, the ball also changes its
direction (Figure 1d).
FORCE and MOTION
Force therefore can make objects
move, move faster, stop, or
change their direction of motion.
But is this always the case? Can
force always bring about change
in the state of motion of an
object?
1. Do forces always result in motion?
2. What are the conditions for an object to
stay at rest, to keep moving at constant
velocity, or to move with increasing
velocity?
3. How is force related to acceleration?
1. If an object stays at rest, there is no force
acting upon it.
2. An object continues to move at constant
velocity because a constant force acts on it.
3. If the speed of an object increases, its
acceleration also increases.
4. Objects move because they have a force; they
stop when their force is already used up.
(Force is thought to be a property of a
material)
FORCE
and
MOTION
(BALANCED AND UNBALANCED FORCES)
An object may be acted upon by
several forces. For example, an
object may be pushed and pulled
in different directions at the same
time. To identify which of these
forces would be able to cause
change in the motion of the object,
it is important to identify all the
forces acting on it.
To accurately describe the forces
acting on an object, it is
important for you to be familiar
first with the following terms:
magnitude, direction, point of
application, and line of action.
Forces are described in terms of
these properties.
Magnitude refers to the size or strength of the
force. It is commonly expressed in Newton
(N). Consider the diagram in Figure 2 showing
a force, represented by the arrow, acting on a
ball. The direction of the arrow indicates the
direction of the force while the length of the
arrow represents the relative magnitude of
the force. If the force applied on the ball is
doubled, the length of the arrow is increased
two times. The line of action is the straight
line passing through the point of application
and is parallel to the direction of the force.
TYPES OF FORCE
Gravitational Force
Frictional Force
Normal Force
Tension Force