CASE STUDY:

SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY FOR

JANAKPURI - DASHRATHPURI CORRIDOR OF
THE DELHI METRO
 Relevant Sections of Section 4, 2013 Act
• Section 4(4) of the 2013 Act: The Social Impact Assessment study referred to in sub-section
(1) shall, amongst other matters, include all the following, namely:—
(a) assessment as to whether the proposed acquisition serves public purpose;
(b) estimation of affected families and the number of families among them likely to be
displaced;
(c) extent of lands, public and private, houses, settlements and other common properties
likely to be affected by the proposed acquisition;
(d) (d) whether the extent of land proposed for acquisition is the absolute bare- minimum
extent needed for the project;
(e) (e) whether land acquisition at an alternate place has been considered and found not
feasible;
(f) (f) study of social impacts of the project, and the nature and cost of addressing them and
the impact of these costs on the overall costs of the project vis-a-vis the benefits of the
project: …
Section 4(5) of the 2013 Act: While undertaking a Social Impact
Assessment study under sub-section (1), the appropriate Government
shall, amongst other things, take into consideration the impact that the
project is likely to have on various components such as livelihood of
affected families, public and community properties, assets and
infrastructure particularly roads, public transport, drainage, sanitation,
sources of drinking water, sources of water for cattle, community ponds,
grazing land, plantations, public utilities such as post offices, fair price
shops, food storage godowns, electricity supply, health care facilities,
schools and educational or training facilities, anganwadis, children
parks, places of worship, land for traditional tribal institutions and
burial and cremation grounds.
Section 4(6) of the 2013 Act: The appropriate Government shall require
the authority conducting the Social Impact Assessment study to prepare
a Social Impact Management Plan, listing the ameliorative measures
required to be undertaken for addressing the impact for a specific
component referred to in sub-section (5), and such measures shall not
be less than what is provided under a scheme or programme, in
operation in that area, of the Central Government or, as the case may
be, the State Government, in operation in the affected area.
 CHAPTER 1:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
 Background
• Gives background to the sectioned land.
• Describes exact location geographically with a route map of the
proposed section.
• Provides for the need of this project. (Excessive pressure on existing
transport system).
• Gives reasons for why this stretch of land has been selected, primarily
focusing on ensuring that public purpose is met, and the enviro-
socioeconomic impacts are minimal.
 It will serve the maximum population,
 will entail less private land acquisition,
 east demolition of private and government structures,
 And least tree cutting.
The Project and Comparison of Alternatives
The Table 1.1 given in the SIA study compares the original alignment
with the revised alignment, focusing on how the revised alignment
demonstrates the objectives of environment and social consideration.
• Project Affected Families reduces from 76 to 7.
• Location changes from in the middle of a busy road to underground.
• Many more revisions which would impact the common man for the
better such as the location of sewer line, noise concerns, unnecessary
expenditure and convenience of commute.
Technical Details and Rationale
• The report then clarifies that the final alternative is fixed based on
technical feasibility, socio-economic acceptability and environmental
sustainability for metro corridors.
• The report also then explains and declares all the technical details of
the proposal for both the Metro Corridor and the Rail Corridor.
Objective of the Study
• To assess the socio-economic conditions of the families/people likely
to be affected due to the proposed metro rail project phase III,
• To examine potential positive and negative impacts on the socio-
economic condition of people in the project area,
• To develop appropriate measures to minimise the negative socio-
economic impacts,
• To prepare Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) based on the existing
policies, laws and
• Guidelines of the government for the loss caused to the project
affected people.
Scope of the Study
• To include the impacts due to the proposed DMRC development of
Janakpuri- Dashrathpuri corridor.
• Based on the site survey, to generate socio-economic data about
project affected families and prepare an inventory of property.
• Based on the data, the project proponent shall develop measures to
safeguard the PAFs from the loss occurred due to the proposed project
with an objective of sustainable development.
• The study shall meet the requirement of Japan International
Cooperation Agency (JICA) and other funding Institutions for funding
of the proposed corridor.
Land Acquisition and Settlement
• Acknowledging the displacement of people as a result of the project,
the report addresses two important elements of this jurisprudence:
1. Efforts have been made to keep land requirement to the barest
minimum by so choosing the alignments that the acquisition of
private property is minimal.
2. Compensation shall be paid accordingly, for relocation of shops,
commercial-cumresidential buildings and hutments likely to be
affected due to the proposed project.
Resettlement Action Plan
• The Resettlement Action Plan is based on the principle that the
population affected by the project will be assisted to improve their
former living standards.
• The rationale behind preparing RAP is not only to restore and improve
the standard of living of PAPs but also bring qualitative changes in their
life.
• National Policy for Rehabilitation and Resettlement, 2007 will be
followed for the resettlement action plan. Since Japan International for
International Cooperation Agency (JICA) will finance the project, the
JICA guidelines on Environmental and Social Consideration have been
followed.
 CHAPTER 2:
POTENTIAL
RESETTLEMENT IMPACTS
Socio-Economic Survey
• Conduction of a socio-economic survey to assess the impacts of the
PAFs.
• With the use of a questionnaire and stakeholder consultations.
• The information collected has also been reproduced in the report.
• The positive and the negative impacts of the proposed project have
been enumerated.
Land Requirement and Acquisition
• The following details have been assessed and reproduced in the report:
1. Need for acquired land such as rail tracks, station buildings,
platforms, etc.
2. Details of the land acquired (Government/ Private)
3. Impact of the project on different kinds of structures.
4. Socio economic impact on families.
5. Other repercussions such as civic amenities, loss of livelihood, loss
of common property resources.
Relocation
• Based on the responses received from the questionnaire, the
rehabilitation of the PAFs has been drafted accordingly.
• Both residential and commercial rehabilitation has been accounted for.
 CHAPTER 3:
BASELINE SOCIO-ECONOMIC
STUDY
• Represents the interests of the affected households, both title holders and
non title holders.
• The information provided by the 7 PAFs as per the revised alignment has
been analyzed based on the indicators of:
1. Gender.
2. Religious and Social Groups.
3. Family Patterns (Joint, nuclear, individual)
4. Educational Standard.
5. Occupation Pattern
6. Family Annual Income
And other socioeconomic factors.
Their opinion on rehabilitation and Common Property Resources has also
been taken into account in the revised alignment.
 CHAPTER 4:
POLICY, LEGAL AND
ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
• ‘Category A’: As per the World Bank Operational Policy and JICA
Guidelines for Environmental and Social Projects.
• Further lists the Acts and policies which are relevant to the study at
hand.
1. Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (Amended in 1984);
2. National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy, 2007;
3. JICA Guidelines for Environmental and Social Consideration, April
2010
4. Relocation & Rehabilitation Policy in respect of PAPs for all
categories due to implementation of Delhi MRTS Project.
Also deals with these policies with a comparison and subsequently deals
with the entitlements and eligibility for compensation and other
resettlement entitlements.
 CHAPTER 5:
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
Understanding Institutional Arrangement
The implementation of Resettlement Action Plan
(RAP) requires involvement of various institutions
at different stages of project cycle – this project
involved 4 main institutions.

The SIA highlights these institutions, there roles,

and law concerning their involvement.

The institutions may be divided into the project

lead department, land departments, and project
management

The role of each stakeholder is also laid out –and

an express implementation schedule devised.
Grievance Redressal Committee
Grievances of PAPs will be first brought to the
attention of SMU,DMRC.

Grievances not redressed by SMU will be brought to

the Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC).

The main responsibilities of the GRC are to: (i) provide

support to PAPs on problems arising from
land/property acquisition; (ii) record PAPs grievances,
categorize, and prioritize grievances and resolve them;
(iii) immediately inform the SMU of serious cases; and
(iv) report to PAPs on developments regarding their
grievances and decisions of the GRC.

The GRC will resolve grievances within three months

of receiving the complaint—failing which the
grievance can be referred to appropriate court of Law
for redressal by the PAP
Stages of Implementation
The R&R activities of proposed project are divided in to three broad categories
based on the stages of work and process of implementation

1. Project preparatory stage (pre-implementation stage)

2. Rap implementation stage

3. Rap implementation schedule

 CHAPTER 6:
PUBLIC CONSULTATION
Understanding Public Consultation
Public consultation is a continuous process throughout the project period,
during project preparation, implementation, and monitoring stages.

The sustainability of any infrastructure development depends on the

participatory planning in which public consultation plays a major role.

The overall objective of the consultation program is to minimize negative

impact in the project corridors and to make people aware of the project.

A multi-pronged Public Consultation Method is often required- as seen

from the Case Study.

The findings within the SIA shed light on stakeholders, interests, and
general community participation while also increasing awareness about
the program as a whole.
 CHAPTER 7:
RESETTLEMENT ASSISTANCE
PLAN AND COST ESTIMATE
Understanding the Purpose of this Chapter
This chapter presents an overview of eligibility for entitlement,
valuation of and compensation for losses, income restoration and cost
estimates.
SIA uses a rough estimate – final compensation amount to be
determined by the competent authority under Land Acquisition Act.
Eligibility for Entitlement deals with categorization of PAFs into several
groups with varying compensation rates.
Compensation is not only land related but also includes Training for
social mobilisation
Valuation & Compensation for Loss
SIA highlights that Land requirements are kept at barest minimum

The SIA further highlights the valuation and compensation given to

PAF’s and PAP’s as a result of Land Acquisition and the Project

The analysis is multi-pronged and accounts for the social and economic
impact of relocation & land loss. The SIA discusses the role of NGO’s
and collaboration in this regard as well.
 CHAPTER 8:
MONITORING AND EVALUATION
What is Monitoring
Monitoring & Evaluation are critical activities in involuntary
resettlement
Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities
are progressing as per schedule while evaluation is essentially to assess
the performance of PAPs at the end of the project.
There are several indicators to monitor RAP Progress such as Physical,
Financial, Social, Economic, Grievance-related.
Important to note that Monitoring is specifically in context to RAP.
RAP Progress is monitored and evaluated internally as well as
independently
What is Evaluation
An Independent Evaluation Agency (IEA) will be hired by DMRC
for mid and end term evaluation.

Several Objectives, Risk Factors, and Outcomes are gleaned and

discussed by the SIA.

DMRC is responsible for the Supervision/Implementation of

RAP. Quarterly progress reports along with mid/end term
evaluation is required.
FINAL THOUGHTS