TECHNICAL SEMINAR ON

555 TIMER IC

By
K . Vishnu
11B61A0459
 INTRODUCTION

• The 555 IC was designed in 1971 by

Hans Camenzind under contract to
SigNetics Corporation.
• Basically, 555 timer is a highly stable
circuit
used to generate time delays, or
Oscillations.
• A single 555 timer can provide time
delay ranging from microseconds to
hours.
• It operates from a wide range of power
supplies ranging from + 5 Volts to + 18 Volts
supply voltage.
 Pin Configuration

The function of each pin of the IC is given below

–

•Pin–1: Ground
•Pin–2: Trigger
•Pin–3: Output
•Pin–4: Reset
•Pin–5: Control Voltage
•Pin–6: Threshold
•Pin–7: Discharge
•Pin–8: Vcc
 Functional diagram of 555 timer

Threshold
+
R
-
(2/3)Vcc
Threshold > (2/3)Vcc =>R=logic ‘1’
Threshold < (2/3)Vcc =>R=logic ‘0’

(1/3)Vcc
+
S
-
Trigger
R S Q- Q
Trigger<(1/3)Vcc =>S=logic ‘1’ Previous state
Trigger>(1/3)Vcc =>S=logic ‘0’
0 0
0 1 0 1
1 0 1 0
X X
1 1
 Modes of Operation

555 IC Timer applications can be classified into two main categories:

1. Monostable Multivibrators : Producing a single pulse

when
triggered.

2. Astable Multivibrators : Producing a square wave.

 1. Monostable Multivibrator

Monostable multivibrator is often called as one-shot

multivibrator.
 +VCC One-shot operation
8
R Discharge
7 transistor

C 6
RQ 3
S ~Q Inverter

input trigger
output pulse
2
1/3
VCC 1

The input trigger resets the flip-flop and C then charges

until the upper comparator trips and sets the flip-flop.
 + VCC

R 8 4
7
C 555
6 3
2
1

1/3 VCC Trigger

t = 1.1RC
Output pulse
The external components determine the output pulse width.
 2. Astable Multivibrator

• Astable multivibrators are also known

as Free-running Multivibrator.
• Astable do not need trigger pulse for
external to change the output.
• The period for LOW and HIGH can be
calculated based on resistor and
capacitor value that connected at
outside of timer.

C charges through RA+ RB

and discharges through RB.
 RA +VCC C charges through RA+ RB
8 and discharges through RB.

7 Free-running or
RB astable operation
6
R
S ~Q
3
Inverter output

2
C 1
 Continue…

⚫ TH = 0.693 (RA+RB) C
VCC output ⚫ TL = 0.693 (RB) C

⚫ Period,T = TH + TL = 0.693 (RA + 2RB)C

0 ⚫ Frequency, f = 1T
2/3 VCC Capacitor voltage 1
= (TH+TL )
1.44
=
(RA + 2RB)
C
1/3 VCC ⚫ % Duty Cycle = [
TH
]x 100
TH + TL
Timing sequence of astable multivibrator (RA+RB)
X100
=
(RA+2RB)
 Applications

⚫ Schmitt trigger
⚫ PPM
⚫ PWM
⚫ Linear Ramp generator
 Conclusion

Hence 555 IC timer can produce very accurate and stable time
delays, from microseconds to hours. It can be used with supply voltage
varying from 5 to 18 V. Timer can be used in monostable mode of
operation or astable mode of operation. Its various applications include
waveform generator, missing pulse detector, frequency divider, pulse
width modulator, burglar alarm, FSK generator, ramp generator, pulse
position modulator etc.
 References

⚫ LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS ( fourth edition) by D. Roy

Choudhury-311 page number.
⚫ OP-AMPS AND LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (forth edition) by
Ramakanth A.Gayakwad-416 page number.
⚫ file:///E:/Personal%20data%20of%20me/s/555%20timer/
documentat
ions/555%20Timer%20Tutorial%20-
%20The%20Monostable%20Multivibrator.html
⚫ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/555_timer_IC#Design