GENETICS

GENETICS
 WHAT IS GENETICS ?
Genetics is the scientific study of
genes and heredity—of how certain
qualities or traits are passed from
parents to offspring as a result of
changes in DNA sequence.
 Gregor Mendel
The father of GENETICS
 ALLELE
A specific pattern in a gene is
called an allele.
a specific pattern in a gene is called an allele.
 Mendelian inheritance:
refers to certain patterns of
how traits are passed from
parents to offspring.
INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE
 CODOMINANCE

Codominance is another non-

Mendelian inheritance pattern where a
heterozygous organism exhibits the
traits of both parents.
MULTIPLE ALLELES
Multiple Alleles, a specific gene
pair is controlled by more than two
alleles. Thus, there are more than
two phenotypes that are exhibited
or expressed in the offspring.
 NON –MENDELIAN
INHERITANCE
Genetic interactions that do not
follow complete dominance ,
Some alleles are neither
dominant or recessive.
 SEX DETERMINATION
the male has one X chromosome
and one Y chromosome, whereas the
female has two X chromosomes.
This is called the X-Y sex
determination system.
The presence of the SRY gene
on the Y chromosome
determines maleness in
humans.
SEX LINKED TRAITS
Sex-linked, as related to
genetics, refers
to characteristics (or traits) that
are influenced by genes carried
on the sex chromosomes.