INTRODUCTION :

Wind speed has been changing as a result of human induced climate and is projected to
continue the coarse in the future. As per the study published in the journal Nature Climate
Change the wind across North America, Europe , and Asia have been growing faster since
2010 . In less than a decade the global average wind speed is Expected to increase 5 - 10% in
spring and as much a 20% in summer. Therefore wind turbines are gonna be crucial for the
upcoming years.
Our world is slowly changing to use renewable resources in which particularly solar, Hydro-
electric And Wind. Solar Panels has been used world wide for its efficiency and the affordable
cost by the people The wind turbines have been existing with us from 1887 . Till now it has
undergone Various changes in design and working. The existing wind turbine uses Braking
system to prevent failure from high wind speed conditions. The Braking system cannot
sustain in all high wind speed conditions. When the the wind speed is higher than what the
braking system can handle it starts to heat up and finally the lubricants in the generator
catches fire and leads to destruction and failure of the wind turbine.
INTRODUCTION
The second Scenario is that due to acting of braking system during high wind speeds slows down
the blade’s leading to less energy production.
Our Developed prototype can give solution for the problem .The design is developed in such a way
that the wind turbine starts to spin even during a low wind speed condition due to larger scoop
section of the blades. The blades that is designed in this paper is a new Curvy Savonius blades
which forms a Circle when it is enclosed . The blades in the turbine has blade teeth which is
interfaced with its pair to function furling and unfurling process between an extended configuration
to a closed configuration. The furling gear which is used between the pair of blades is connected
with the teeth attached to shaft in-between, the shaft is placed inside and attached with the furling
gear becoming a shaft gear.
The blades are configured in such a way in which it is connected with shaft and mani- tain the
desired condition with each set of blades such as 60 degree difference to each other forming a helix
like structure while they are in open position .
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CARRIED OUT

1. Jorge, Antonio, 1]The performance The structure in which the

PERFORMAN Villar, Alé, evaluation of diff project was based firstly
CE Marcelo, Roberto, rotors is made with aimed to study of
EVALUATION Petry, Sérgio, prototype testing. traditional and modern
OF THE NEXT Boscato, Garcia, 2]Following a machine , permitting a
GENERATION Gabriel, Cirilo da, methodology which selection of models of
OFSMALL Silva, Simioni, permits to carry out fabrication.
VERTICAL Gustavo, Konzen survey of potency,
AXIS WIND Torque co-eff in
TURBINE relation to tip ratio

2. Energy J.Pulfer, W.Meza, The comparison of It was found that the Lenz
Efficiency F.Mitjans, energy efficiency of turbine model outperformes
Assessment of J.Gonzalez four different wind all others with maximum
turbine design with power coefficient of 32.5 %,
Four Designs
vertical axis and followed by the Benesh model
of Vertical Axis differential drag, with 21.4 %, Savonius with 18
And Drag keeping equal their % and
Differential heights and diameters. Schulz with 13 %.
Wind Turbines
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3. Literature Review
URANS and
ACM for
Krzysztof
Rogowski
This paper presents numerical results of a
one-bladed verticalaxis wind turbine using
the k-ε RNG turbulence model.
The purpose of the paper was the
analysis of the flow past the one-
The rotor geometrywas developed based on bladed vertical-axis windturbine
determining the the research report available on the literature.
Theobtained results of aerodynamic blade
using two numerical approaches:
URANS with the k-ε
aerodynamic loads and wake profiles downstream behind RNG turbulence model andthe
the rotor are in a good agreement with the
performance of experiment. This paper presents also the
home-made actuator cell model.
The presented numerical
ability
vertical-axis wind of calculating fluid flow parameters around computations were performed in
turbine theoperating wind turbine by using the
original approach – the actuator cellmodel
the Interdisciplinary Centre
forMathematical
and Computational Modelling of
the Warsaw University, Grant No.
GB73-5

The aim of this investigation in practice has The objective of this paper has been the
4. Experimental Davide Astolfi therefore been the characterization of the analysis and the interpretation of the
Vibration dynamic behavior of the VAWT with the
decoupler, measuring
vibration spectraof a small VAWT: the test
case has been installed on the
Analysis of a its ability to diminish vibrations. Vibrations
have been measured at three particular points
rooftop of a small building and,
usingaccelerometers placed on the mast
Small Scale of the experimental setup: two monoaxial and inside the building, the transmission
accelerometers of vibrations to thestructure has been
Vertical Wind have been placed in the turbine mast above recorded
the decoupler in two perpendicular directions, with a data acquisition system. The
Energy System a triaxial accelerometer below the decoupler turbine tower has been equippedwith a
for Residential and the last monoaxial one has been installed
at a wall insidethe building.
particular element, called decoupler, in
order to damp vibrations that turbine
Use transmits to the
structure.
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Literature Review
O

5. Analysis of Audierne , 1] The aerodynamic forces To present a consistent

furling Etienne acting on tail vane ahs been model of the dynamic of
behaviour of Bergami , modelled using x-foil and gravity controlled furling
small wind Leonardo BEM theory . system based on
turbines . Ibarra , “lagrangian” formalism.
2] The parameter like lever
Humberto length is studied and the
impact on wind speed for
enter and exiting the furling
regime is analyzed.

6. Actuators for Mihai Chirca. An angle torque actuator The two solution presented
Micro Wind Marius consist of 4 magnets glued on in the paper has helped to
Turbine Dranka . a rotor b/w two stator is solve the important issue
used .2] Regular stepped
Furling Stephan regarding the protection of
motor actuator with a
Mechanism. Breban. reduction gear schemed to small wind turbine in high
maximize energy Harvested in wind condition or the loss
High wind speed . of the electrical load
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7.
Literature
Development
Review
J Jonkman The model tends to This work has culminated
and validation A Hansen predict mean rotor speeds with an enhanced version
of aeroplastic higher than measured in of FAST that should
Model of spite of the fact the mean prove to be a valuable
small furling furl motion and rotor asset to designers of
wind turbine thrust are predicted small wind turbine .
accurately .

8. Comparison of Muhd Khudri The test for both wind In places where the wind
horizontal axis Johari, turbines has been done in an direction is unpredictable,
wind turbine Muhammad indoor testingwith steady air a VAWT withimprovable
stream source. For this test,
(HAWT) Azim A Jalil, performance would most
two variables are ma-
andvertical Mohammad nipulated. The first one likely perform better than
axis wind Faizal Mohd is the speed of air stream theHAWT due to its
turbine Shariff source and thesecond one is ability to handle turbulent
(VAWT) the angle of air source with and omni-
respect to the directionof directionalwind.
wind turbine.
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9. Literature
Min-SooReview
Torsional A finite element method based on
the large deflection beam theory
This paper dealt with the effects
of the structural coupling on the
Stiffness Jeong ,In is used for structural analysis dynamic stability of the
Effects on the Lee ,Seung-Jae considering the geometric flapwise, edgewise,
Dynamic Yoo and Kwang- nonlinearities. For the stability and torsion modes for various
Stability of a Choon Park analysis, a proposed aerodynamic torsional stiffness reductions. It
approach based on Greenberg’s is here by proven by this study
Horizontal extension of Theodorsen’s strip that selecting light weight
Axis Wind theory and blade element blades for large-scaled
Turbine Blade momentum method were horizontal axis wind turbine
employed in conjunction with a blades can maintain stability
structural model

10. Comparative Divya Patel , Large scale wind turbine Thus the study shows that
carbon fibres showed a
Study of Krishna Nair blades are primarily made remarkable reduction in
Fatigue of fibre reinforced displacement of the blade as
Analysis of composites. In present compared to conventional E-
Horizontal study, a finite element glass fibres.
Axis Wind model of a Horizontal It can also be observed that by
Turbine Blade Axis Wind Turbine Blade only changing the material a
Materials is developed for a given significant change in
displacement can be obtained.
aerofoil. .
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O
Literature
11. Effect of steady
Review
Nilay Sezer- A new three- A new 3D unsteady vortex-panel method
potential flow solver based on a free-
and transient wind Uzol1and Oguz dimensional unsteady vortex wake methodology, AeroSIM+,
shear on the Uzol vortex-panel was used to investigate the impact of wind
wakestructure and shear on the wake structure and the
methodpotential flow performance of a wind turbine rotor.. In
performance of a
horizontal axis solver based on a free- addition, the blades are subjected to
asymmetrical surface pressurevariations
windturbine rotor vortex wake that in turn results in high levels of
methodology, fluctuations in power and thrust levels
generated by the turbine. .
AeroSIM+, is used for
this purpose.

12. Maximum Subashri M S, The wind direction and speed To maintain the stable
momentarily change, inorder operation of wind, the control
Power Dr. Devi Shree J to maintain the stable
Generation in technique is integrated with
operation of wind, the control
wireless sensor where the
Horizontal Axis technique is integrated with
wireless sensor. The PSO efficient output is obtained. The
Wind Turbine stable output is obtained in both
based MPPT algorithm is used
using Wireless to improve the performance by simulation and hardware.
System generating maximum power in
variable wind velocity.
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13. Literature
DipankarReview
EFFECT OF To accommodate changes in
wind direction, the turbine
The purpose was to show that the
power loss was significant when
VERTICAL Chatterjee, Archit has a yaw drive that rotates the angle of attack changed as for high
MOVEMEN Tiwari and Mayank unit’s direction. By contrast, a
capacity
turbines, this kind of power loss is
T IN HAWT Mani vertical turbine runs well unavoidable.
regardless of wind direction, So for our case the payback time was
making it better-suited to found to be acceptable therefore high
urban areas with tall buildings efficient motors of optimum costs is
where wind turbulence is a advised to install in the nacelle for
pitch (vertical) movement of the
given system in order to retrieve the lost
power created
due to the attack angle difference.

14. Determinatio Waldemar The simulation of working The object of the study was to
blade was done in MatLab determine the optimum number of
n of the Fedak, Stanisław A environment. Power spectrum blades to be mounted on Vertical Axis
number of nweiler,WojciechG graphs were prepared and
Wind Turbine. Studies were made on
the basis of thrust on the stationary
Vertical Axis ancarski,Roman compared throughout blade.
Wind Turbine Ulbrich. superposition of individual As it has been shown in this study,
blades in the Vertical Axis Wind turbine power depends on the number
blades based Turbine rotor. of blades. With the increasing number
on power of blades mounted on the rotor, the
torque also increases, and thus the
spectrum rotation of turbine is smoother.
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15. Literature
Dewi Review
Effect of
Savonius blade
In this case, the effect of the
blade height of the Savonius
The Hybrid Darrieus-Savonius wind
turbine with δ = 1.4 has the highest
Puspitasari,Kapraw blade was studied performance in comparison with the
height on the i Sahim conventional Darrieus turbine and the
experimentally in a subsonic hybrid turbine with the blade height
performance of wind tunnel. The effect of the ratio is lower or equal to unity.
a hybrid height of a Savonius blade The hybrid Darrieus-Savonius wind
Darrieus- relative to that of Darrieus turbine with the Savonius mounted
Savonius wind called blade height ratios δ was from inside extends to the outside of
investigated to know the hybrid the Darrieus rotor may increase the
turbine performance and this hybrid rotor
turbine performance. needs further investigations especially
in low speeds.

16. Review on P.K. Nigam,Nitin The main aim of this review Various aspects of designing of
work is to put forth the Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine
Design of Tenguria,Dr. Blade. The necessary
Horizontal Mohan Kumar calculations and design
calculations and terminologies
process of a HAWT blade.
Axis Wind Pradhan. that have been put in this
This work shows the overall paper explain the whole of
Turbine picture of the design of the the horizontal axis wind
Blades wind turbine blade and other turbine. A clearer
(HAWT) aspects of horizontal axis understanding is given about the
wind turbine rotors technical and other aspects of
the blade of the horizontal axis
wind turbine
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17. Literature
The Effect of Review
Andi Firdaus The effect of blade number on small
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine
The results show that the blade
Blade Number on number does increase the wind
Sudarma,Muhamm (HAWT) has been studied
turbine torque and output
Small Horizontal
Axis Wind
ad Kholil,Subekti experimentally and numerically in
this research. The turbine blade is power. The winglet affects the
Turbine (HAWT) Subekti,Indra made of a flat metal sheet and the tip performance by increasing the
Performance: An Almahdy. was formed to shape a winglet. The pressure on the blade surface
Experimental and 5-blades turbine was tested inside a and concentrating the wind
wind tunnel for performance flow at the blade tip.
Numerical Study investigation at different wind
speeds.

18. Analysis of Senthil kumar The unused amount of Objective of the paper is
Commercial Revati R wind is used to drive the to harvest and recapture
VAWT Sweta R vertical wind turbine max amount of wind
which will turn kinetic Energy.
energy of wind to
produce electrical
energy.
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19. Literature
MazharulReview
Analysis of
fixed pitch
Islam
[University of
A new foil MI – VAWT 1
, has been designed and
Selection of Air foil is
crucial for better
straight blade Windso] has found out it has aerodynamic
VAWT with much superior performance and
asymmetric performance .Another dimensions of a smaller-
airfoils. foil called capacity fix pitched
MI – STRUT 1 has been VAWT.
designed to reduce
detrimental drag loss

20. Selection of Air Iqbal . A The design of the turbine VAWT cascaded along
foil is crucial Chitturi .V proves to have a very the highway makes use
for better Venkata Lakshmi low tip speed ratio with of the turbulent wind
aerodynamic
Narayana K a low starting gusts created by fast
performance
and dimensions torque .The system is moving vehicles and
of a smaller- also efficient and converting into electrical
capacity fix accurate . energy.
pitched VAWT.
NOVELTY OF THE RESEARCH :

• We as a team propose that our project

can produce efficient wind energy at
lower and unstable wind speeds
when compared to the existing
systems.

• The scoop section of the blades are

constructed to accommodate power
production in higher wind speed
ranges .
EXISTING SYSTEM RELATED TO PROJECT

• The primary aim of our project involves increasing the efficiency of VAWT than the existing
Savonius and Darrieus Wind turbines.

• SAVONIUS WIND TURBINE :

Savonius wind turbines are a type of vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT), used for
converting the force of the wind into torque on a rotating shaft. The turbine consists of a
number of aerofoils, usually—but not always—vertically mounted on a rotating shaft or
framework, either ground stationed or tethered in airborne systems.

• DARRIEUS WIND TURBINE:

The Darrieus wind turbine is a type of vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) used to generate
electricity from wind energy. The turbine consists of a number of curved aerofoil blades
mounted on a rotating shaft or framework. The curvature of the blades allows the blade to be
stressed only in tension at high rotating speeds.
OBJECTIVE :

• Not all of the blades produce torque at the same time, which limits the
efficiency of vertical systems in producing energy. Other blades are simply
pushed along. There is also more drag on the blades when they rotate. that is
not always the case; the low starting torque and dynamic stability problems
can limit functionality in conditions the turbine wasn’t specifically designed
for.

• Since the wind turbines are lower to the ground, they do not harness the higher
wind speeds often found at higher levels. If installers prefer to erect the
structure on a tower, these are more difficult to install in such a way. However,
it is more practical to install a vertical system on a level base, such as the
ground or the top of a building.

• Vibration can be an issue at times, and even increase the noise produced by
the turbine. Air flow at ground level can increase turbulence, thereby
increasing vibration. This can wear out the bearing. At times, this can result in
more maintenance and therefore more costs associated with it.
MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY :

TURBINE BLADES
• A Curvy Savonius blades which is designed to have a large scoop section
inside which helps in Catching the wind passing through and Blades
comprises of plurality of blade teeth disposed on a semicircular portion of
the upper surface and the lower surface of the blade and it is adjacent to
shaft when connected .

• When the blades start to function , blade teeth of a first blade interface with
blade teeth of the second blade , blade teeth function to furl and unfurl
between an extended arrangement to closed arrangement .

• A shaft gear is connected with the lower portion of the blade teeth to
engage it to furl and unfurl the blades properly ..
DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS :

DESIGN OF THE BLADES

 DESIGN OF EXPREIMENTS :

DESIGN OF THE SHAFT & PAIR OF BLADES

ADVANTAGES:

• Death of birds and bats due to collision and internal

injuries caused by exposure to rapid pressure changes
can be minimized while functioning.

• Simple Installation compared to other wind turbines.

• Functions in extreme weather with variable wind speeds.

• Effective at low wind speeds..

• Cheaper to Produce than HAWT.

DISADVANTAGES:

• Although the efficiency of the turbine is increased it cannot be compared to HAWT.

• Very high starting torque .
RESULT & DISCUSSION :

The purpose of existence for this design is to tap deeper into the potential of harvesting clean and
free wind energy especially in places where abundance of coastal area is a part of the
geographical advantage to the same. this may pave a path to lead governments and commoners
too to adapt as an alternative as the current solutions in this domain are far from being
convincing or feasible to be termed as an alternative. traditional HAWT’S are a costly and not the
easier path to walk and as for the the traditional VAWT’S, they have a very limited wind speed
ranges in which they can be operated. thats where our design comes in with the already tested
and proven Savonius blade design and taken further with the concept of furling which will help
in harvesting energy at lower wind speeds and also as a safety mechanism at higher wind speeds
by preventing Internal friction and vibrations and as a result, lower maintenance costs and
completions.
Now We’d like to conclude by saying that we see this project as cheap solution for both
commercial and domestic sectors. We also believe that this project will pave way to many more
advances in this field of renewable clean energy which would make human life and environment
safe.
REFERENCES :

1] Jorge Antonio , Ale , Sergio , Garcia Gabriella ,“Performance evaluation of next generation of
small scale VAWT” .
2] J. Pulfer , W. Meza , “Energy efficiency assessment of four designs of VAWT” .
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diesel engine using cashew nut shell bio diesel and hydrogen as fuel. Int J Mech Eng Technol
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4] Krzysztof Rogowski , “URANS and ACM for determining the Aerodynamic performance of
VAWT”
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ignition diesel engine with bio diesel blends. ICONSTEM 2017 - Proc 3rd IEEE Int Conf Sci
Technol Eng Manag 2017;2018-Janua:1123–8.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICONSTEM.2017.8261374.
6] Davide Astolfi , “Experimental vibration analysis of a small scale VAWT for residential use” .
7] Audierne Etienne Bergami , Leonardo Ibarra , Humberto , “Analysis of furling behaviour for
small scale VAWT” .
8] Mihai Chirca , Marius Dranka , Stephan Breban , “Actuators for microwind turbine furling
mechanism” .
REFERENCES :

9] Thanigaivelan V, Loganathan M. “Investigational analysis of performance characteristics and

emission of cashew nut shell biodiesel on DI diesel engine”. Int J Adv Res Eng Technol
2019;10:45–54. https://doi.org/10.34218/IJARET.10.1.2019.005.
10] J Jonkmen , A Hansen , “Development and validation of aeroelastic model of small furling
wind turbine”.
11] Muhd Khudri , Johari , Muhammad d Azima Jalil , Muhammad d Faizal , “Comparison of
HAWT and VAWT” .
12] Min-Soo Jeong , Jae Yoo , Kwang-Choon Park , “Torstional stiffness effects on the dynamic
stability of a HAWT” .
13] Nataraj M, Thanigaivelan V, Devaneyan SP. Review on production of bio-diesel fuel and the
performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel-fuelled compression ignition engine. J Phys
Conf Ser 2021;2054. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2054/1/012080.
14] Divya Patel , Krishna Nair , “Comparative study of fatigue analysis of horizontal axis wind
turbine blade materials” .
REFERENCES :

15] Nilay Sezer , Oguz Uzol , “Effect of study and transient on the weak structure and performance of a
horizontal axis wind turbine rotor” .

16] Subashri M , Dr. Devi Shree J , “Maximum power generation in Horizontal axis wind turbine using
wireless system” .

17] Dipankar Chatterjee , Archit Tiwari and Mayank Mani , “Effect of Vertical movement in horizontal axis
wind turbine” .

18] Waldemar Fedek , Stainslaw Anweiler , Roman Ulbrich , “Determination of number of vertical wind
turbine blades based on power spectrum ” .

19] Devi Puspitasari , Kaprawi sahim , “Effect of Savonius blade height on the performance of a hybrid
Darrieus Savonius wind turbine” .

20] P.K Nigam Nitin , Dr. Mohan kumar Pradhan , “ Review on design of Horizontal axis wind turbine” .