CONDUCTING SYSTEM+

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM+
CIRCULATION THROUGH HEART
CONDUCTING SYSTEM OF HEART
 Pace maker of heart;
 Initially atrium
 Finally sinus venosus
 SA node;
 Fifth week
 In right wall of sinus venosus
 Incorporated into wall of right atrium with sinus
venosus
 In right atrium near superior vena cava opening
 AV Node + AV bundles;

 Cells from left wall of sinus venosus are in base of

interatrial septum anterior to opening of coronary sinus
 Above cells+ cells of AV regions form AV node &
bundle
 Fibers from AV bundle pass from atrium to ventricle as
right & left bundle branches.

SA node, AV node & AV bundles are richly supplied by

nerves
 SIDS
 Sudden infant death syndrome
 Abnormalities of conducting tissues- unexpected
death during infancy (1st year)
 Brainstem developmental abnormalities and
maturational delay related to neuroregulation of
cardiorespiratory control most common cause.
Development of lymphatic
system
 At end of 6 week
 Six primary lymph
sacs
 Two jugular
 Two iliac
 One retroperitoneal
 One chyle cisternae
 Lymphatic vessels
connects to sacs
Lymph node development
 Lymph sacs
transformed into
groups of lymph nodes
except cisterns chyle
 Mesenchymal cells
invade lymph sac-
primordia of lymph
sinus
 Other mesenchymal
cells- capsule & CT
Thoracic duct development

 Thoracic duct;
 Caudal part of right
thoracic duct
 Anastomosis between
left & right thoracic
duct
 Cranial part of left
thoracic duct
 Right lymphatic duct;
 Cranial part of right
thoracic duct
Development of the Lymphocytes
 The lymphocytes are derived originally from stem
cells in the umbilical vesicle (yolk sac)
mesenchyme and later from the liver and spleen.
 These early lymphocytes eventually enter the bone

marrow, where they divide to form lymphoblasts.

 The lymphocytes that appear in lymph nodes before

birth are derived from the thymus, a derivative of the

third pair of pharyngeal pouches
Applied aspects
 congenital lymphedema
 This condition may result from dilation of
primordial lymphatic channels or from congenital
hypoplasia of lymphatic vessels.
cystic hygroma
 large, swellings
usually appear in the
inferolateral part of the
neck and consist of
large single or
multilocular, fluid-
filled cavities
 derived from abnormal

transformation of the
jugular lymph sacs
Fetal circulation
Neonatal circulation
Derivatives of fetal vascular structures

 Umbilical vein: round ligament of liver

 Ductus venosus: ligamentum venosum
 Umblical arteris: medial umblical ligament
 Foramen ovale: fossa ovalis
 Ductus arteriosus: ligamentum arteriosum