DIRECTING

Prepared by
AHSAN M. BONGAROS
RECAPITULATION
QUESTION NO. 1
It is also known as ‘special planning’, it is
used for situations when changes cannot
be foreseen. It is that ‘what if’ scenario that
a business manager needs to consider so
that the company does not face losses.

a. Strategic Planning
b. Contingency Planning
c. Tactical Planning
QUESTION NO. 2
According to Chester Barnard, it is a function
by which the concern is able to define the role
positions, the jobs related and the coordination
between authority and responsibility.

a. Planning
b. Staffing
c. Organizing
QUESTION NO. 3
It is a review and discussion of an
employee’s performance of assigned
duties and responsibilities

a. Performance Appraisal
b. Selection
c. Renumeration
QUESTION NO. 4
It is the kind of planning required for day-to-day
activities. Organizations use such kind of
planning with extreme detail to clearly
identifying the who, what, when, where, and
why of all parties involved.

a. Strategic Planning
b. Directing Planning
c. None of the above
QUESTION NO. 5
It is also called as human resource planning
consists of putting right number of people, right
kind of people at the right place, right time, doing
the right things for which they are suited for the
achievement of goals of the organization.

a. Manpower Planning
b. Tactical Planning
c. None of the above
DIRECTING
Prepared by
AHSAN M. BONGAROS
DEFINITION
 It is a process of implementing the total
plan and bringing into being all the
necessary and available resources to
achieve the objectives. It is a continuous
task of making decisions and embodying
them in specific and general orders and
instructions (Cordero, Gutierrez and Pangalangan,
1985).
“ “It is the function of constraining and
regulating action by interpreting,
explaining and instructing subordinates
about the requirements of a plan or some
phases of it”
Davis and Filley
Functions &
Characteristics
FUNCTIONS &
CHARACTERISITCS
A. Pervasive Function A

B. Continuous Function
C. Creativity Function B C
D. Executive Function
E. Delegate Function D E
Pervasive Function
 Directing is required at all levels of the
organization and implies issuing
orders and instructions. Besides
issuing orders and instructions, every
manager provides guidance and
inspiration to his subordinates.
Continuous Function
 Directing is a continuous activity. It
continues throughout the life of the
organization.
Creativity Function
 The function of directing helps in
converting the plans into
performance. Without this function,
employees become inactive and
physical resources are meaningless.
Executive Function
 The function of directing is carried out
by all managers and executives at all
level. It is the function that runs from the
top to down in the organizational
structure.
Delegate Function
 From a management perspective, the
best definition of delegation is when a
manager or team leader gives another
member of staff the responsibility and
authority to complete an assigned task.
ELEMENTS OF DIRECTING

Supervision Communication

Leadership Motivation
SUPERVISION
 It implies expert overseeing of subor­
dinates at work in order to guide and
regulate their efforts.

 Every manager has to supervise the

work of his subordinates to see that
they do their work as desired.
LEADERSHIP
 It is the process which influences the
people and inspires them to willingly
accomplish the organizational
objectives.

 Appropriate and inspiring leadership

alone can influence the subordinates
to do better in their performance (A.
Skidmore).
COMMUNICATION
 Involves exchange of ideas and
information in order to create mutual
understanding.

 It is a sys­tematic process of telling,

listening and understanding.
MOTIVATION
 It implies inspiring the subordinates to
work with zeal and confidence.

 No administrative action can succeed

unless the subordinates are motivated
to contribute their best efforts to the
common task.
PRINCIPLES OF DIRECTING
1. Harmony of Objectives
2. Unity of Command
3. Unity of Direction
4. Participative or Democratic
Management
5. Effective Communication
6. Follow-up
Harmony of Objectives
 Aims that the management and
subordinates must be to keep the
interest of the group and the
organization before their personal
interest.
Unity of Command
 It states that subordinates should
receive orders and be accountable to
only one superior.

 In the absence of which the authority

is undermined, chaos and confusion
caused, loyalty divided and task
under or unperformed.
Unity of Direction
 There should be one superior and
one plan for a group of activities
having the same objectives.
Participative or Democratic
Management
 The superior must involve the
participation of the subordinates while
taking certain decisions.

 It provides necessary motivation to

the workers by ensuring their
acceptance of work methods.
Effective Communication
 It essential to have an effective
communication system which
provides for free flow of ideas,
information, suggestions, complaints
and grievances from both ends.
Follow-up
 Only issuing orders and instructions
does not help but taking necessary
follow-ups of the performance to
ensure that the work is being
performed as desired and taking
corrective measures is also part of
effective direction.
SIGNIFICANCE OF DIRECTING
1. Initiates Action
2. Integrates Efforts
3. Motivates Employees
4. Provides Stability
5. Coping up with the Changes
6. Effective Utilization of Resources
Initiates Action
 Each and every action in an
organization is initiated only through
directing.

 The managers direct the subordinates

about what to do, how to do when to
do and also see to it that their
instructions are properly followed.
Integrates Efforts
 Directing integrates the efforts of all
the employees and departments
through persuasive leadership and
effective communication towards the
accomplishment of organizational
goals.
Motivates Employees
 A manager identifies the potential and
abilities of its subordinates and helps
them to give their best.

 He also motivates them by offering

them financial and non-financial
incentives to improve their
performance
Provides Stability
 Stability is significant in the growth of
any organization. Effective directing
develops co-operation and
commitment among the employees
and creates a balance among various
departments and groups.
Coping up with the Changes
 A manager through motivation, proper
communication and leadership can
make the employees understand the
nature and contents of change and also
the positive aftermaths of the change.
This will help in a smooth adaptation of
the changes without any friction between
the management and employees.
Effective Utilization of Resources
 It involves defining the duties and
responsibilities of every subordinate
clearly thereby avoiding wastages,
duplication of efforts, etc. and utilizing the
resources of men, machine, materials,
and money in the maximum possible way.

 It helps in reducing costs and increasing

profits.
CONCLUSION
Directing is considered as the heart of management
process. All other functions of management such as
planning, organizing, and staffing have no
importance without directing. While the functions of
planning and organizing prepare a base for action,
the function of directing initiates the action in the
organization. For instance, an office manager must
supervise the activities of his subordinates, he must
issue instructions to them and describe and illustrate
the work and related activities. He must tell them
what to do and how to do it.
References:
 Management Study Guide. (n.d.). Directing Function of Management.
Retrieved from
https://www.managementstudyguide.com/directing_function.htm

 Study.com. (n.d.). Directing in Management: Overview, Function & Examples.

Retrieved from
https://study.com/academy/lesson/directing-management-overview-function-e
xamples.html
THANK YOU