Network Cabling

Making connections with UTP

ENAM 2017
Overview
 What cable types are available?
 How do cables work?

 How are cables used in networking?

 How are connections made?

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Common network cable types
 Coaxial cable

 Unshielded
twisted pair

 Fiber optic
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UTP characteristics
 Unshielded
 Twisted (why?) pairs of insulated conductors
 Covered by
insulating sheath

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UTP categories
Category 1 Voice only (Telephone)

Category 2 Data to 4 Mbps (Localtalk)

Category 3 Data to 10Mbps (Ethernet)

Category 4 Data to 20Mbps (Token ring)

Category 5 Data to 100Mbps (Fast Ethernet)
Category 5e Data to 1000Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet)
Category 6 Data to 2500Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet)
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Ethernet Cable
 The name, Ethernet
Cable, always refers
to the following
category:
 Category 5
 Category 5e
 Category 6
 Or more than those
categories.

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UTP Cable
 It is composed of 4-
pair twist wirings.
 Orange
 Green
 Blue
 Brown

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Ethernet Cable
Color Pin (T568B)
White/Orange 1
Orange 2
White/Green 3
Blue 4
White/Blue 5
Green 6
White/Brown 7
Brown 8

• You can use the order of rainbow colors to

memorize the order of this wiring. (TIA/EIA is a set of three
telecommunications standards from the Telecommunications Industry Association).
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Ethernet Cable
Pin Usage
1 Transmission (Tx+)
2 Transmission (Tx-)
3 Receive (Rx+)
4 --
5 --
6 Receive (Rx-)
7 --
8 --

• We can use the concept to justify the order of the wiring

colors of straight through and crossover.

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RJ45 connector

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Making connections - Tools
 UTP cable
 RJ45 connectors
 Cable stripper
 Scissors
 Crimping tool

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Making connections - Steps
1. Strip cable end
2. Untwist wire ends
3. Arrange wires
4. Trim wires to size
5. Attach connector
6. Check
7. Crimp
8. Test

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Step 1 – Strip cable end
 Strip 1 – 1½” of insulating sheath
 Avoid cutting into conductor insulation

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Step 2 – Untwist wire ends
 Sort wires by insulation colors

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Step 3 – Arrange wires
 TIA/EIA 568A: GW-G OW-Bl BlW-O BrW-Br
 TIA/EIA 568B: OW-O GW-Bl BlW-G BrW-Br

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Step 4 – Trim wires to size
 Trim all wires evenly
 Leave about ½” of wires exposed

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How to wire
 Straight Through
 All order of the wirings is the same as the other
side.
1→8
1 2345 678 1 2345 678

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Straight Through

Host A Host B
Pin Usage Color Color Usage Pin
1 Tx+ Tx+ 1
2 Tx- Tx- 2
3 Rx+ Rx+ 3
4 -- -- 4
5 -- -- 5
6 Rx- Rx- 6
7 -- -- 7
8 -- -- 8

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How to wire
 Crossover
 We need to change the order of the transmission
and receiving wirings.
1→8
1 2345 678 1 2345 678

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Crossover

Host A Host B
Pin Usage Color Color Usage Pin
1 Tx+ Tx+ 1
2 Tx- Tx- 2
3 Rx+ Rx+ 3
4 -- -- 4
5 -- -- 5
6 Rx- Rx- 6
7 -- -- 7
8 -- -- 8

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How to wire
 Trim all the wires to the same length.

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Step 5 – Attach connector
 Maintain wire order,
left-to-right, with RJ45
tab facing downward

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Step 6 - Check
 Do all wires extend to end?
 Is sheath well inside connector?

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Step 7 - Crimp
 Crimp the RJ45 plug with the crimping tool.

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How to wire
 Verify the order of the wires is correct and all
the wires are correctly making good contact
with the metal contacts in theCorrect
RJ45 plug.
Incorrect

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How to wire
 Cut the cable into suitable length and repeat
the below steps for the other side.
 Please be sure what kind of the cable you are
wiring.
 Testing

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Step 8 – Test
 Does the cable work?

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