Topiwala National Medical College & B.Y. L. Nair Ch.

Hospital,Mumbai

DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY

Home Assignment
Name of the student
DAKSH MAHAJAN
I-MBBS
Roll No.- 019

Name of the guide

Dr. Sanjay Swami
Associate Professor
Department of Biochemistry Dr. Sanjay Swami/TNMC/MBBS/Home Assignments
Dr. Sanjay Swami/TNMC/MBBS/Home Assignments
Que: 1 A newborn child presents with congenital disease showing slow growth, hair loss and
accelerated aging. The name of the disease and its cause is-

Down’s Syndrome ; improper DNA Hypospadias ; accumulation of

A. B.
packaging in nucleus lipofuscin.

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria Spherocytosis ; accumulation of

C. syndrome ; accumulation of protein
D.
lipofuscin.
Lamin- A

Key: C
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is a genetic condition which causes aging beginning at
birth. It occurs due to a distorted nuclear envelope in the cell – which happens due to
accumulation of abnormal protein Lamin-A in the cell.

Dr. Sanjay Swami/TNMC/MBBS/Home Assignments

Que: 2 The mitochondria in cells have an independent protein synthesizing machinery, it consists
of:

Single stranded DNA, RNA ,

A. DNA, RNA inside nucleoid B.
ribosomes inside nucleoid

tRNA , ribosomes , enzymes inside mtDNA, rRNA, mRNA inside cell

C. D.
the intermembranous lumina matrix

Key: D
The mitochondrial matrix contains double stranded DNA called mtDNA , ribosomes and RNA
which constitute the independent protein synthesizing machinery. tRNA are imported from the
intra-cellular fluid into the matrix of the mitochondria and are not a part of the machinery of the
mitochondria.
Dr. Sanjay Swami/TNMC/MBBS/Home Assignments
Que: 3 Which of these is not true about Apoptosis?

Cardiac myocytes undergo Cardiac myocytes undergo

A. B.
apoptosis during ischemia apoptosis due to anoxia, radiation

C. It is regulated, natural cell death D. It is also known as cell suicide

Key: B
Apoptosis is programmed cell death, which happens when cells are worn out or have
completed their purpose. During ischemia and reperfusion- cardiac myocytes initiate process
of apoptosis in a regulated manner. Death of these myocytes due to anoxia and radiation is not
a heavily regulated form of programmed cell death and hence not apoptosis.
Dr. Sanjay Swami/TNMC/MBBS/Home Assignments
Que: 4 Conversion of D-fructose to D-mannose is called _____ and is done via ______.

Osazone formation ; Gluco-Manno

A. Enolization ; isomerization B.
hydrolysis

C. Mutarotation ; Ekenstien reaction D. Tautomerization ; LDBVE process

Key: D
Shifting a hydrogen atom from one carbon to another to produce enediols is known as
tautomerization. When D-glucose is kept in alkaline solution for several hours ; it undergoes
isomerization to form D-mannose. This process is known as Lobry de Bruyn-von Ekenstein
transformation. It produces intermediate of enediol which then gets converted to D-mannose
from D-glucose Dr. Sanjay Swami/TNMC/MBBS/Home Assignments
Que: 5
Name and cause of illness :

Peau de’ orange; carcinoma of Eczema ; overproduction of

A. B.
breast keratan sulphate

Hypochondroitenemia ; deficiency
C. D. Phrynoderma ; deficiency of EFA
of chondroitin sulphate

Key: D
Phrynoderma is characterized by toad-like appearance of skin, with horny eruptions on skin of
posterior and lateral parts of upper and lower limb, breasts. It is caused by the deficiency of
essential fatty acids in the body. Eczema is not caused by overproduction of keratin sulphate.

Dr. Sanjay Swami/TNMC/MBBS/Home Assignments

Que: 6 Select the right pair:

A. Erb’s synthesis – cholesterol B. Sanger’s reaction – Insulin

Ruhemann’s test – quantitative

C. Zak’s test – Bile salts D.
analysis of serum calcium

Key: B
Sanger’s reaction initially utilised 1-flouro-2,4-dinitrobenzene to determine the structure of
Insulin. FDNB binds with N- terminal of protein to form a DNP derivative. Undergoes hydrolysis
and yields a DNP amino acid, which can be identified by chromatography. This way the
protein structure can be determined.
Dr. Sanjay Swami/TNMC/MBBS/Home Assignments
Que: 7 Which property of glutathione is important for many of its biological functions?

Reversibility of oxidation-reduction Irreversibility of reduction reaction

A. B.
reactions of glutathione of glutathione

Higher Stability and concentration of Decreased stability and concentration

C. D. of oxidised form of glutathione
reduced form of glutathione

Key: A
Glutathione exists in nature in its reduced( G-SH) or oxidised( G=S-S-G) forms. The reversible
oxidation-reduction reactions of glutathione are important for many of its biological functions. In
a steady state the cells maintain a ratio of about 100/1 of GSH to GSSG; however this is not
the key factor for utilisation of glutathione in its biological functions.
Dr. Sanjay Swami/TNMC/MBBS/Home Assignments
Que: 8 Enzyme activity is most commonly expressed in form of:

A. Katals B. kilokats

C. millikats D. Enzyme unit (U).

Key: C
Enzyme commission of IUB introduced a new unit for enzyme activity known as ‘katals’. One
kat denotes the conversion of one mole substrate per second. Enzyme activities are less
commonly expressed in the form of katals, as it is a large value. They're More commonly
expressed in form of millikats or microkats.
Dr. Sanjay Swami/TNMC/MBBS/Home Assignments
Que: 9 Which organism is a complete source of all Vitamins?

A. Red meat from cattle B. Culture of E.coli bacteria

C. Seeds of sunflower plant D. Culture of aspergillus Niger

Key: C
The bacterium E.coli can synthesize all the vitamins in situ, hence it would be a complete
source of all vitamins in correct amounts.

Dr. Sanjay Swami/TNMC/MBBS/Home Assignments

Que: 10 Choose the odd one out-

A. Retinol B. Retinoic acid

C. Retinal D. Beta-Carotene

Key: D
Beta-Carotene is a provitamin unlike retinol, retinal and retinoic acid. It is cleaved in the
intestine to produce to moles of retinol and only possesses 1/6 th activity compared to that of
retinol.

Dr. Sanjay Swami/TNMC/MBBS/Home Assignments