Chapter 2 Fiber Optics

Unit 1 Introduction
Lesson 2
Task 1 Match the words with definition

1. Refractive index a. the greatest angle at which a ray of light, travelling in one
transparent medium, can strike the boundary between that
medium and a second of lower refractive index without being
2. Critical angle totally reflected within the first medium.
b. the phenomenon which occurs when the light rays travel
3. Total internal reflection from a more optically denser medium to a less optically
denser medium at.
4. Cladding c. a number that gives the indication of the light bending
ability of the medium.
5. Core of optical fiber d. the part of the fiber that guides the light
e. material that covers the surface of something and protects
6. Dopant it
f. an element that is introduced into a chemical material to
alter its original electrical or optical properties
Task 2 Match the beginning of the sentence with its ending:
1. The simplest shape of fiber a. total internal reflection will
optical strand happen.
2. If the laser strikes the interface at an angle b. and low refractive index air.
greater that a critical angle, c. as the base material
3. Total internal reflection happens between d.
high refractive index glass
e. is a cylinder.
4. Both the core and the cladding use silica
f. by adding different types of
5. The difference in the refractive index can be dopants
achieved
g. if the signals travel for more
6. Various losses can happen in the fiber optic than 1000km
cable
 Task 3 Put the words in the correct order:
1. Need/ coating/ fibers/ Optical/ a protective
2. attenuation/strength/ This/ is/generally/loss of signal/ called/
3. Long/confined/Light /be/can /over/in the optical fiber/ a distance
4. the core/ silica/Both/ and/ the cladding/ the base material/use/as
5. Absorption /attenuation/main/and/ signal/scattering/ are/ the reasons
6. the total internal reflection/protective material/ replace/The
introduction/of the air / of /will/ the position and/ reach
7. to overcome/ An easy way/ a low refractive index/ is/the problem/ to
introduce/ glass /above /the core glass