Disaster

Management

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 Table Contents
• Definition
• Introduction
• Types of Disaster
• Prevention of Disaster
• Preparation of Disaster Management
• Recovery of Disaster
• Conclusion

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 Definition
Disaster management is
how we deal with the
human, material,
economic or
environmental impacts
of said disaster, it is the
process of how we
“prepare for, respond to
and learn from the
effects of major failures”. 3
 Introduction

• Natural disasters and armed conflict have

marked human existence throughout history
and have always caused peaks in mortality
and morbidity.
• The combination of hazards, vulnerability
and inability to reduce the potential negative
consequences of risk results in disaster

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 Types of Disaster
• Natural Disasters are naturally occurring physical phenomena caused
either by rapid or slow onset events that have immediate impacts on
human health and secondary impacts causing further death and
suffering.
These disasters can be :
• Geophysical (e.g. Earthquakes, Landslides, Tsunamis and Volcanic
Activity)
• Hydrological (e.g. Avalanches and Floods)
• Climatological (e.g. Extreme Temperatures, Drought and Wildfires)
• Meteorological (e.g. Cyclones and Storms/Wave Surges)
• Biological (e.g. Disease Epidemics and Insect/Animal Plagues)

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 Types of Disaster
Man-Made Disasters as viewed by the International Federation of Red
Cross & Red Crescent Societies are events that are caused by humans
which occur in or close to human settlements often caused as a results
of Environmental or Technological Emergencies.
This can include:
• Environmental Degradation
• Pollution
• Accidents (e.g. Industrial, Technological and Transport usually
involving the production, use or transport of hazardous materials)

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 Prevention of Disaster
• Disaster prevention measures aim to reduce the severity or
incidence of disasters. These measures include:
• Land use planning
• Disaster-resistant buildings
• Community awareness and education
• Preventing habitation in risk zones
• Finding ways to reduce risk before a disaster strikes

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 Prevention of Disaster
Mitigation and prevention efforts aim to reduce the potential damage and
suffering that disasters can cause. While disaster management cannot
prevent disasters, it can prevent them from becoming compounded as a
result of neglecting causal factors and manageable risks. Mitigation
specifically refers to actions taken that can lessen the severity of a
disaster’s impact. Investing in measures that limit hazards can greatly
reduce the burden of disasters.

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 Prevention of Disaster
Strategies that disaster management professionals implement to protect
vulnerable communities and limit hazards include the following:
• Raising awareness about potential hazards and how to address them
• Educating the public about how to prepare for different types of disaster
properly
• Installing and strengthening prediction and warning systems
Managing hazards and risks means planning to minimize a community’s
vulnerability to disasters.

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Preparation of Disaster Management
• Disaster Preparedness refers to measures taken to prepare for
and reduce the effects of disasters, be they natural or man-
made.
• This is achieved through research and planning in order to try to
predict areas or regions that may be at risk of disaster and
where possible prevent these from occurring and/or reduce the
impact those disasters.
• Disaster preparedness activities embedded with risk reduction
measures can prevent disaster situations and also result in
saving maximum lives and livelihoods during any disaster
situation, enabling the affected population to get back to
normalcy within a short time period

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Preparation of Disaster Management
• Minimisation of loss of life and damage to property through
facilitation of effective disaster response and rehabilitation
services when required.
• Preparedness is the main way of reducing the impact of
disasters. Community-based preparedness and management
should be a high priority in physical therapy practice
management

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 Recovery of Disaster
• Rescue
• Relocation
• Provision Food and Water
• Provision Emergency Health Care
• Prevention of Disease and Disability
• Repairing Vital Services e.g. Telecommunications,
Transport
• Provision Temporary Shelter

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 Recovery of Disaster
• Rebuilding Infrastructure e.g. Homes, Schools,
Hospitals, Roads
• Health Care and Rehabilitation
• Development Activities e.g. building human
resources for health
• Development Policies and Practices to avoid or
mitigate similar situations in future

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 Conclusion

 Disaster management is how we deal with

the human, material, economic or
environmental impacts of said disaster, it
is the process of how we “prepare for,
respond to and learn from the effects of
major failures”. Though often caused by
nature, disasters can have human origins.

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Thank you