AMT 643 AIRCRAFT FLUID

LINES AND FITTINGS

2nd Semester 2021-2022
CEAT | AMT | PART 12

A.
ISMAEILI
 Lay Lines
Lay lines run along the length of a hose. They are yellow, red or white stripes,
incorporating MIL-SPEC numbers and various other manufacturers’ information.
Besides identifying the hose, it serves to indicate whether the assembly is
twisted when installed.
Hose Materials and Construction
Rubber hoses consists of three basic parts:

✔ Inner Tube
✔ Reinforcement
✔ Cover
Hose Materials and Construction

▪ Inner Layer - carries the fluid and therefore must be compatible (chemically) with the fluid being
transported and have the minimum amount of porosity. The four main compounds used to construct inner
liners are Neoprene (for petroleum-based fluids) Buna-N (better suited for petroleum-based fluids) Butyl
(phosphate ester-base hydraulic fluid (Skydrol)) Teflon (compatible with almost every fluid carried).

▪ Reinforcement Layers - cover the inner liner and determine the hose’s strength.Common materials used
for reinforcement layers are cotton, rayon, polyester fabric, carbon-steel wire, stainless steel wire braid.
Diligent design of reinforcement layers can minimise the dimensional changes of hoses under pressure.

▪ Protective Outer Cover - is usually made of rubber-impregnated fabric or stainless-steel braid. It is put
over the reinforcement to protect from physical damage or heat.
Hose Materials and Construction

The cure date is provided for age control. Its is

indicated by quarter of the year and year. The year is
divided into four quarters.

▪ 1st quarter – January, February, March

▪ 2nd quarter – April, May, June
▪ 3rd, quarter – July, August, September
▪ 4th quarter – October, November, December
Hose Materials and Construction

Hose Identification
Low-Pressure Hose

MIL-H-5593

Most air or vacuum hoses and some aircraft instrument lines are not required to carry high
pressures. Therefore, low pressure rubber hose is typically used with these types of
installations. These hoses have a seamless inner tube and a reinforcement made of a single
layer of cotton braid. An outer cover of ribbed or smooth rubber is used to protect the
reinforcement from physical abrasion.
Low-Pressure Hose

▪ Low-pressure hose conforming to MIL-H-5593

specifications is made up of a synthetic rubber inner
liner, a cotton braid, and a synthetic rubber outer
cover.

▪ It is approved for a maximum pressure of 300 psi and

is primarily used for instrument installations.

▪ Low-pressure hose is identified by a broken yellow

lay line.

▪ The letters LP, and the manufacturer’s code number

and date marking.
Medium-Pressure Hose

MIL-H-8794

Medium-pressure hose is used with fluid pressures up to 3,000 psi. However, its maximum operating pressure
varies with its diameter. For example, smaller sizes carry pressure up to 3,000 psi while larger sizes are often
restricted to lower pressures.

Medium-pressure hose has a seamless inner liner with one layer of cotton braid and one layer of stainless-steel
reinforcement. A braid of rough oil-resistant rubber-impregnated cotton is usually used as an outer cover. If the
hose is used with a petroleum-based fluid, its inner liner is made of synthetic rubber and its outer braid is gray-
black. However, if the hose is used with Skydrol or any phosphate-ester based hydraulic fluid, the inner liner is
made of synthetic Butyl rubber and the outer braid is colored green with SKYDROL written on it.
Medium-Pressure Hose

▪ Medium-pressure hose conforming to MIL-H-8794 specifications

has a seamless synthetic rubber inner liner, a synthetic rubber-
impregnated cotton braid reinforcement, and a steel wire braid
reinforcement. All of this is encased in a rough synthetic rubber-
impregnated cotton braid.

▪ Medium-pressure hose is suitable for carrying fluids under

pressures of up to 1,500 psi.
High-Pressure Hose

MIL-H-8788

All high-pressure hose has a maximum operating pressure of at least 3,000 psi and uses a synthetic rubber
liner to carry petroleum products. This inner liner is wrapped with two or more steel braids as
reinforcement. To help distinguish high-pressure hose from medium-pressure hose, the entire hose has a
smooth outer cover. Most high-pressure hose is black with a yellow lay line. However, a hose designed to
carry Skydrol has a Butyl rubber inner liner and a green outer cover with a white lay line.
High-Pressure Hose

▪ High-pressure hose, conforming to MIL-H-8788

specifications has a seamless synthetic rubber inner tube
and either two or three carbon steel wire braid
reinforcements. This hose is covered with a smooth
synthetic rubber cover and is suitable for operating with
pressures between 1,500 and 3,000 psi.
Teflon Hose
 - END -

CEAT
College of Engineering and
Aeronautical Technology | AMT
Aircraft Maintenance
Technology

2021 - 2022