AV-356

FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEMS

Lecture No 03

Block Diagrams and Signal Flow Graphs

Text Book : Feedback Control Systems by Phillips and Parr,

5th Edition, Pearson, 2010
Chapter 2

Instructor : Dr. Qasim Ali

Number of Slides: 16
 Objectives
• To understand terminologies

• Equivalent representations of a system’s transfer

function

• Block diagram representation of a transfer

function

• Signal flow graph representation of a transfer

function
2
 Terminologies
Open Loop System

Closed Loop System

3
 Terminologies

Manipulated
Variable

Compensator
Filter
Control Law System
Cont. & Corr. element
Actuator
Process Element
Control Element

Measurement Element 4
 Terminologies

D1(s) D2(s)

R(s) G….(s)
E(s)
G1(s) G2(s)
C(s)
U(s) Y(s)

H(s)

C(s), G1,2(s), G(s), P(s),

Gc(s) G1,2(s), Gp(s)

H(s)
5
 Graphical Representation / Model
of Physical Systems

• Block Diagram

• Signal Flow Graphs

6
 Block Diagrams

Summing junction is represented by a circle

No. of inputs, but only one output
7
Block Diagrams

8
Block Diagrams

9
Signal Flow Graphs

10
Signal Flow Graphs

11
 System Representation

• A signal flow graph and a block diagram

contain exactly the same information.
There is no advantage to one over the
other in terms of information provision.

12
 Equivalent Systems
Cascaded Systems

13
 Equivalent Systems
Parallel Systems

14
 Equivalent Systems
Example
Draw equivalent Block diagram for the
following system

15
 Equivalent Systems
Example

16