FUNDAMENTALS OF

COMPUTING
Done by Alicia Traill
Electronic Document Preparation and Management
5 BEIGE
Ms Vassell
 WHAT IS A COMPUTER ?

• A computer is a machine that can be programmed to carry

out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations
automatically. Modern digital electronic computers can
perform generic sets of operations known as programs.
These programs enable computers to perform a wide range
of tasks.
 COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER

• 1 Central Processing Unit

• 2 Computer Memory
• 3 Motherboard
• 4 RAM
• 5 Hard disk drive
 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT

A central processing unit —also called a central processor or main

processor—is the most important processor in a given computer. Its
electronic circuitry executes instructions of a computer program, such as
arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output operations.
 COMPUTER MEMORY
• Computer memory stores information, such as
data and programs for immediate use in the
computer. The term memory is often
synonymous with the term primary storage or
main memory. An archaic synonym for memory
is store.
 MOTHERBOARD

• A motherboard is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in a

computer. The motherboard is a computer's central
communications backbone connectivity point, through
which all components and external peripherals connect.
Motherboards can be found in virtually all computers,
especially desktop and laptop PCs.
 RAM

• RAM (random-access memory) is a hardware device

that allows information to be stored and retrieved on a
computer. RAM is usually associated with DRAM (dynamic
random-access memory), a type of memory module.
Because data is accessed randomly instead of sequentially
like it is on a CD (compact disc) or hard drive,
access times are much faster. However, unlike ROM (read-
only memory), RAM is a volatile memory and requires
power to keep the data accessible. If the computer is
turned off, all data contained in RAM is lost.
 HARD DISK DRIVE
• A hard disk drive, hard disk, hard drive, or fixed
disk, is an electro-mechanical data storage
device that stores and retrieves digital data
using magnetic storage with one or more rigid
rapidly rotating platters coated with magnetic
material.
 HARDWARE DEVICES

• 1 Monitor
• 2 Mouse
• 3 Keyboard
• 4 Speakers
• 5 Printers
• 6 Processor
 MONITOR

• The primary use of a monitor is to display images, text, video, and graphics information
generated by the computer via a computer's video card. It can be referred to as the main output
device of a computer device.
 MOUSE

• Mice typically have two buttons, a scroll wheel and a laser

sensor. They are used to move the cursor on the screen,
select objects and click on buttons. The mouse, which
individuals use to direct cursors and make selections on a
computer screen, is integral to graphical user interfaces.
 KEYBOARD

• A computer keyboard is an input device used to enter characters and

functions into the computer system by pressing buttons, or keys. It is the
primary device used to enter text. A keyboard typically contains keys for
individual letters, numbers and special characters, as well as keys for
specific functions ...
 SPEAKERS

• speakers are standard output devices used with computer systems

that enable the listener to listen to a sound as an outcome. Some
speakers are used once they have been linked to a computer, while
others may be connected to any type of sound system.
 PRINTER

• The main function of the printers is to present text or images to flat

media such as paper in various sizes. After all, everyone needs a printer
for different needs. For example, high school and college students
usually need to print black and white documents.
 PROCESSOR
• A processor (CPU) is the logic circuitry that responds to and processes the
basic instructions that drive a computer. The CPU is seen as the main and most
crucial integrated circuitry (IC) chip in a computer, as it is responsible for
interpreting most of computers commands.