Measurements in

Scientific Data
Gathering
Learning Targets: I can…
1. explain the significance of
measurement and
measuring.
2. relate the importance of
accuracy and precision in
measurement.
Comparing the heights of
three learners:
*Observe and compare the
heights of your classmates.
*What can you say about their
heights?
*Comparing heights can
be done without the use
of any measuring
instrument.
Activity:
*Five volunteers will be called to do
the following:
1. measure the distance in
“feet” by walking heel to toe
from one end of the marked
distance of the classroom/
hallway to the other.
2. Count the number of
steps you made to
cover the distance and
to compare your
results.
Process Questions:
1. What does the result tell
you?
2. How does this activity show
the need for standard units?
3. What standard units do you
use almost everyday? What
quantity do they represent
or measure?
Process Questions:
4. What problems are likely to
be encountered if body parts
are used to measure objects or
distance?
5. Why is it necessary to make
use of the standard units of
measure?
A-P-K: Word Up –
Jumbled Letters
*Given the descriptions, identify
the correct word being defined
by arranging the jumbled letters.
1. TNRSEEEUAMM
– It is the process of
comparing an unknown
quantity with a standard.
2. OELM
– It is a unit used to
measure the amount of
chemical substance.
3. GHLTEN
– It is the distance between
two points.
4. CACUYCRA
– It refers to the nearness of
the measurement to the
true value.
5. IOPERSNIC
– It refers to the closeness
or consistency of
measurements.
Measurement
is the process of
comparing the
amount or size of an
object to an
accepted standard.
What are the objects
used by ancient
people to measure
other objects in the
ancient times?
Objects used by ancient
people to measure other
objects in the ancient
times:
ropes
stones
sticks
Why is it important to know
the concepts of accuracy and
precision?
It helps us understand that
there is a degree of uncer-tainty
in any measurement based on
the extent an instrument can
measure and the ability of a
person to use that instrument.
When can you say that a
measurement is precise and/
or accurate?
Accuracy
- refers to how close the
measurements are to a set
value.
- is the reference or the
correct measurement.
Precision
- refers to how close the
measurements are to one
another, but not
necessarily to the set or
correct value.
Precision and Accuracy

A B C
 Which shows:
Low Precision, Low Accuracy?

A B C
 Which shows:
Low Precision, Low Accuracy?

A B C
 Series of darts landed very far from one another
and nowhere near the bull’s eye – darts were
thrown with Low Precision and with Low Accuracy.

A B C
 Which shows:
High Precision, Low Accuracy?

A B C
 Which shows:
High Precision, Low Accuracy?

A B C
Series of darts landed near one another but
far from the bull’s eye – darts were thrown
with High Precision and with Low Accuracy .

A B C
 Which shows:
High Precision, High Accuracy?

A B C
 Which shows:
High Precision, High Accuracy?

A B C
Series of darts landed near one another and in the bull’s eye
– darts were thrown with High Precision and with High
Accuracy .

A B C
 A B C
High High Low
Precision Precision Precision
High Low Low
Accuracy Accuracy Accuracy
SET VALUE: 100%

GRADES
1. Low Accuracy,
Student Student Student C Low Precision?
A B
– STUDENT C
90.5 % 99.7 % 100 % 2. High Precision,
91.0 % 99.4 % 90.3 % Low Accuracy?
90.8 % 99.0 % 89.9 % – STUDENT A
91.2 % 99.1 % 94.8 % 3. High Precision,
High Accuracy?
– STUDENT B
SI
International System of Units
French origin Systeme
Internationale d’ Unites
or the metric system
adopted worldwide in 1960.
adopted in the Philippines on
January 1, 1983.
makes it convenient to convert a
standard unit to one that is larger or
smaller since its conversion factor
follows the power of 10.
Fundamental Units
- are the basic units of mass,
length, time and temperature.
Derived Units
- are those derived
from the above
fundamental units.
Common Fundamental
Quantities and Standard
Units of Measurements
1. Mass - kg; g; mg; µg
2. Length - km; m; cm; mm
3. Time - h; min; s
4. Temperature - ºC; ºF; K
Common Derived
Quantities and Standard
Units of Measurements
1. Volume - m³ ; cm³ ; mL
2. Density - kg/m³ ; g/cm³ ; g/mL
3. Area - m²
4. Average Speed - m/s ; km/h
5. Acceleration - m/s² ; km/h/s
6. Force - N or kg.m/s²
7. Work - J or N-m
Exercise/Drill:
1. Measure the length,
width and height of your
textbook in ______ using a
ruler.
l = ___ cm
w = ___ cm
h = ___ cm
Exercise/Drill:
2. Measure the length and
width of our classroom
using a meterstick.
l = ___ cm
w = ___ cm
Common Fundamental
Quantities and Standard
Units of Measurements
1. Mass refers to the
amount of particle
in matter.
kilogram (kg)
1,000 g = 1 kg
1,000 mg = 1 g
2. Length refers to how
long an object is
from end to end.
meter (m)
1,000 m = 1 km
100 cm =1m
10 mm = 1 cm
1,000 mm = 1 m
3. Time refers to the
duration of which
something happen-
ed or existed.
second (s)
60 min = 1 hr
60 s = 1 min
1,000 ms = 1 s
4. Temperature refers to how
hot or cold
something is
based on a
given scale.
Kelvin (K)
oC=5/9 (oF-32)
oF=1.8 oC +32
K = oC + 273
oC = K - 273
Derived Quantities and
Standard Units of Measure-
ments
1. Volume refers to the
amount of space
an object
occupies.
cubic meter (m3)
mL ; cm3
V = l x w x h
2. Density ratio of mass to
volume.
kilogram per
cubic meter
kg/m3
g/mL ; g/cm3
D = M/V
3. Area refers to the
surface occupied
by an object.
square meter (m2)
A = l x w
4. Average refers to the dis-
Speed tance an object
moves in the
smallest unit of
time.
meters per second
(m/s)
km/hr
S = d/t
5. Acceleration refers to the
change of
speed per unit
of time.
meters per
second
squared (m/s2)
km/hr/s
a = Vf-Vi/t
6. Force refers to a push
or a pull.
Newton (N)
kg.m/s2
F = ma
7. Work the product of
force and
displacement.
Joule (J)
N-m
W = F x d
Conversion of Units
may be done using a process
called dimensional analysis.
A conversion factor that
represents the relation
between the original unit and
the required one is used.
Example :
1 kg / 1000 g
Some Conversion Factors
from English to Metric
System
1 inch 2.54 cm
= 0.305 m or 30.5cm
1 foot = 0.914 m
1 yd = 1,600 m or 1.6 km
1 mi = 0.454 kg
1 lb = 0.95 L
1 qt =
Practice converting the given
measurements using
dimensional analysis
1.) 5.6m to cm
CF: 1m = 100cm
5.6m (100cm / 1m) = 5.6(100cm)
= 560cm
2.) 62.5g to kg
CF: 1 kg = 1000g
62.5g ( 1kg / 1000g) = 62.5kg/1000
= 0.0625kg
Drills:
Convert the given
measurements using
dimensional analysis.
1.) 26.74g to mg
2.) 23.5m to cm
3.) 1 yr to min
4.) 40.5mm to cm
5.) 6kg to lb
6.) 9.15qt to L
Answers:
1.) 26.74g to mg
CF: 1g = 1000mg
26.74g (1000mg/1g)=26,740mg

2.) 23.5m to cm
CF: 1m = 100cm
23.5m (100cm/1m)=2,350cm
3.) 1 yr to min
CF: 1 hr = 60 min
1 day = 24 hr
1 yr = 365 days
1 yr (365days/1yr)(24hr/1day)
(60min/1hr) = 525,600min
4.) 40.5mm to cm
CF: 1cm = 10mm
40.5mm(1cm/10mm)=40.5cm/10
= 4.05cm
5.) 6kg to lb
CF: 1 lb = 0.454kg
6kg (1lb/0.454kg) = 13.2158 lb
= 13.22 lb
6.)9.15qt to L
CF:1qt = 0.95L
9.15qt (0.95L/1qt) = 8.6925L
= 8.69L