LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

What is Lymphatic
System?
The lymphatic system is a network of
vessels and tissues that help to remove
waste and excess fluid from the body.

It is also an important part of the immune

system, as it helps to fight infections and
diseases.

The lymphatic system works to move

lymph, a fluid that has leaked from the
blood vessels, back into the bloodstream.
The Lymphatic System consists of
many parts. These includes:

 Lymph
 Lymph Nodes
 Lymphatic vessels
 Spleen
 Thymus
 Tonsils and Adenoid
 Bone Marrow
 Lymph
also called lymphatic
fluid .
It is the collection of
the extra fluid that
drains from cells and
tissues (that is not
reabsorbed into the
capillaries) plus other
substances.
 Lymph nodes
are bean-shaped
glands that monitor
and cleanse the
lymph as it filters
through
them.
The nodes filter out
the damage cells and
cancer cells .
 Lymphatic
vessels Lymphatic
vessels collect and
filter lymph (at the
nodes) as it continues
to move toward larger
vessels called
Collecting ducts.
Spleen
This largest lymphatic
organ is located on
your left side under
you ribs and above
your stomach.

Thymus
This organ is located in
the upper chest
beneath the
breastbone
Tonsils and
Adenoid
These lymphoid organs
trap pathogens from the
food you eat and the air
you breath.

Bone Marrow
This is the soft, spongy
tissue in the center of
certain bones, such as
the hip bone and
breastbone.
Lymphatic Disorders:
Lymphomas
Malignat neoplasms involving lymphocyte proliferation
in lymph nodes
Specific causes not
identified
Higher risk in adults who received radiation
during childhood.
Two main disorders
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Distinguished by multiple node
involvement
Non-organized, with widespread
metastases
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Initially involves a single lymph node
Cancer sorrads to adjacent nodes
To organs via lymphatics
T lymphocytes seem to be defective; lymphocyte
count decreased
Presence of Reed-Sternberg cells
Giant cells preent in lymph node

Four subtypes
Based on cell found in biopsy
Symptoms and Treatment of
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Symptoms
First indicator-usually a pinless enlarged lymph node

Later-splenomegaly and enlarged lymph nodes

General signs of cancer

Weight loss, anemia, low-grade fever, night
sweats;fatigue may develop
Treatment

Radiation, chemotherapy, surgery

Staging and prognosis dependent on:
Number of nodes involved
Location of nodes involved
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Increasing in incidence
Partially caused by HIV infection

Similar to Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Clinical signs and symptoms are similar

More difficult to treat when tumors are not localized

Initial manifestation-enlarged, painless lymph

node.
Multiple Myeloma
Neoplastic disease that involves increased production of
plasma cells in bone marrow
Unknown cause

Occurs in older adults

Production of ither blood cells is impaired

Multiples tumors in bone

Loss of bone
Severe bone pain

Prognosis poor, with short life expectancy

Signs and Symptoms of
Multiple Myeloma
Onset usually insidious

Malignancy well advanced before diagnosis

Pain caused by bone involvement

Anemia and bleeding tendency

Impaired kidney function and eventually failure

Chemotherapy to encourage remission

Lymphedema
Obstruction of lymphatic vessels
Most common form is congenital

Extremities swell because of lymph

accumulation
Treatment:
Diuretics
Bed rest
Massage of affected area
Elevation of affected extremity
Compression
Exercise
 THANK YOU!
REPORTERS:

Obrique, Krysha Anne

Malacad, Karen Mae
Fajel, Hannah