CARBON AND ITS

COMPOUNDS
L-3
 NOMECLATURE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
WITH THE DISCOVERY OF A LARGE NO. OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, A
PROPER SCHEME WAS EVOLVED BY THE INTERNATIONAL UNION OF
PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY(IUPAC) . IN SHORT THE SCHEME IS
REFERRED TO AS IUPAC NOMECLATURE

THE IUPAC NAME OF AN ORGANIC COMPOUND MAY CONSIST OF THREE PARTS:

• PREFFIX
• WORD ROOT
• SUFFIX
 2-di-methyl-but

FUNCTIONAL GROUP
2-bromo-but
butane
 RULES FOR NOMECLATURE
EXAMPLES:
1. SELECTION OF PARENT CHAIN

2. FIND THE NO. OF C ATOMS

3. LOOK FOR TYPE OF BOND ATTACHED

2-chloro-3-methy-butane
2-chloro-heptane 2,5-di-chloro heptane 2-bromo-6-chloro-heptane

2,6-dichloro-2,6-di-iodo-heptane
2-iodo-Heptan-2-ol
ethanal Propanoic acid propanone

2,2-di-metyl-
pentanal

pent
But-2-ene
2,2,4,tri-metyl-pentane
Q- DRAW STRUCTURES OF –

1. Propanone

2. Pentanoic acid

3. Butanal

4. Bromohexane
WHAT ARE STRUCTURAL ISOMERS?

COMPOUNDS HAVING SAME

MOLECULAR FORMULA BUT DIFFERENT
STRUCTURES ARE CALLED STRUCTURAL
ISOMERS.
Q. DRAW ISOMERS FOR BUTANE

Q. DRAW ISOMERS FOR HEXANE.