Microbiology

Paper I
1) Which of the following statements is true for
viruses?
a) Viruses do not grow on artificial culture medium.
b) Viruses contain both DNA and RNA.
c) Viruses are not obligate intracellular parasites.
d) Viruses contain building blocks necessary for
protein and nucleic acid synthesis.
2)Which statement is true?
a) Non enveloped viruses may have
peplomers
b) Enveloped viruses may have peplomers
c) Viruses do not have peplomers
d) Bacterial spores have peplomers
3) The most commonly used method of
diagnosis of viral infection is
a) Virus culture
b) Microscopy
c) Serology
d) Hypersensitivity skin test
4) Fungi are
a) Eukaryotic organisms
b) Prokaryotic organisms
c) Obligate intracellular organisms
d) Obligate parasitic organisms
5) Which of the following techniques is
commonly used for rapid diagnosis of fungal
infections?
a) Electron microscopy
b) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount
c) Culture
d) Serology
6) Which of the following is an example of true
yeast?
a) Penicillium species
b) Aspergillus species
c) Cryptococcus species
d) Histoplasma species
7) Definitive host is defined as
a) The host which is largest in size.
b) The host in which the adult or sexually mature
stage of the parasite lives.
c) The host in which the parasite lives during a
period of its asexual life cycle only.
d) The host in which it causes maximum symptoms.
8) Which of the following techniques is
routinely used for rapid diagnosis of parasitic
infections?
a) Culture
b) Microscopy
c) Serology
d) Hypersensitivity skin test
9) Which of the following parasites can be seen
without microscope?
a) Plasmodium species
b) Tenia species
c) Entamoeba species
d) Leishmania species
10)What is Edward Jenner’s contribution to
microbiology?
a) Edward Jenner proposed the Germ Theory
b) Edward Jenner discovered vaccination
c) Edward Jenner invented compound microscope
d) Edward Jenner formulated compound
nomenclature system
11) The purpose of the counter stain in the Gram
stain is to
a) decolorize gram-positive cells.
b) make gram-negative cells visible
c) make gram-positive cells visible
d) decolorize gram-negative cells
12) In a serological test if the antigen is
particulate the reaction is called
a) agglutination
b) precipitation
c) toxin neutralization
d) virus neutralization
13) Viruses are best demonstrated by
a) light microscope
b) dark ground microscope
c) electron microscope
d) phase contrast microscope
14) For sterilization of glassware the temperature
and time maintained in hot air oven is
a) 180 C for 06 minutes
b) 160 C for 60 minutes
c) 150 C for 60 minutes
d) 120 C for 30 minutes
15) Teichoic acids and Teichuronic acids are
found in
a) Gram positive bacteria
b) Gram negative bacteria
c) Fungi
d) Parasites
16) Heart lung machines are sterilized by
a) Ethylene oxide
b) Ozone
c) Chlorine
d) Formaldehyde
17) An organism completely dependent on
atmospheric oxygen for its survival and
growth is called
a) Facultative aerobe
b) Obligate aerobe
c) Facultative anaerobe
d) Aerotolerant anaerobe
18) Septicemia is
a) Presence of toxin in blood
b) Presence of pus in blood
c) Presence of living and non living bacteria in
blood
d) Presence of toxins and multiplication of
bacteria in blood
19) In bacterial cells, ribosomes are packed into
the cytoplasmic matrix and also loosely
attached to the plasma membrane. What is the
function of ribosomes?
a) energy production
b) protein synthesis
c) genetic recombination
d) osmoregulation
20) Bacteria do not always swim aimlessly but are
attracted by nutrients such as sugar and amino
acids, and are repelled by harmful substances and
bacterial waste products. Movement toward
attractants and away from repellents is called
a) Gliding motility
b) Tumbling
c) Chemotaxis
d) Phototaxis
21) Endospores are resistant due to presence of
dipicolinic acid which is a:
a) Hg++ chelator
b) Mg++ chelator
c) Ca++ chelator
d) Zn++ chelator
22) Plasmids are important to many bacteria
because plasmids
a) cannot be inherited from one generation to
the next.
b) may carry genes that give their host a
selective advantage.
c) can render bacteria drug-susceptible.
d) cause harm to the bacterial cells.
23) Which of the following organism are most
likely to contain lipopolysaccharides?
a) Bacillus anthracis
b) Steptococcus pneumoniae
c) Escherichia coli
d) Staphylococcus aureus
24) Genetic recombination mediated by viruses
in bacteria are known as:
a) Transition
b) Transversion
c) Transformation
d) Transduction
25)Bacterial endotoxins in human body cause:
a) Pyrexia
b) Hypertension
c) Damage only targeted organ
d) Endotoxins have no effect
26) Antigens and antibodies combination are
responsible for:
a) humoral immunity
b) cell mediated immunity
c) innate immunity
d) they have no role in immunity
27) Cross reactivity in antigen antibody reaction
is due to:
a) shared epitope
b) dis-similar epitope
c) shared Fc fragment
d) dis-similar Fc fragment
28) Which one is the live attenuated vaccine?
a) BCG
b) DPT
c) TT
d) Injectable polio vaccine
29) The medium used for antibiotic
susceptibility of non-fastidious bacteria is
a) Muller Hinton Agar
b) Chocolate agar
c) Nutrient agar
d) Loeffler’s serum slope
30) Sterilization is the process of destruction of
a) Bacteria
b) Viruses
c) Fungi
d) All forms of microorganism
1) Which of the following statements is true for
viruses?
a) Viruses do not grow on artificial culture
medium.
b) Viruses contain both DNA and RNA.
c) Viruses are not obligate intracellular parasites.
d) Viruses contain building blocks necessary for
protein and nucleic acid synthesis.
2)Which statement is true?
a) Non enveloped viruses may have
peplomers
b) Enveloped viruses may have peplomers
c) Viruses do not have peplomers
d) Bacterial spores have peplomers
3) The most commonly used method of
diagnosis of viral infection is
a) Virus culture
b) Microscopy
c) Serology
d) Hypersensitivity skin test
4) Fungi are
a) Eukaryotic organisms
b) Prokaryotic organisms
c) Obligate intracellular organisms
d) Obligate parasitic organisms
5) Which of the following techniques is
commonly used for rapid diagnosis of fungal
infections?
a) Electron microscopy
b) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount
c) Culture
d) Serology
6) Which of the following is an example of true
yeast?
a) Penicillium species
b) Aspergillus species
c) Cryptococcus species
d) Histoplasma species
7) Definitive host is defined as
a) The host which is largest in size.
b) The host in which the adult or sexually mature
stage of the parasite lives.
c) The host in which the parasite lives during a
period of its asexual life cycle only.
d) The host in which it causes maximum symptoms.
8) Which of the following techniques is
routinely used for rapid diagnosis of parasitic
infections?
a) Culture
b) Microscopy
c) Serology
d) Hypersensitivity skin test
9) Which of the following parasites can be seen
without microscope?
a) Plasmodium species
b) Tenia species
c) Entamoeba species
d) Leishmania species
10)What is Edward Jenner’s contribution to
microbiology?
a) Edward Jenner proposed the Germ Theory.
b) Edward Jenner discovered vaccination.
c) Edward Jenner invented compound
microscope.
d) Edward Jenner formulated compound
nomenclature system.
11) The purpose of the counter stain in the Gram
stain is to
a) decolorize gram-positive cells.
b) make gram-negative cells visible
c) make gram-positive cells visible
d) decolorize gram-negative cells
12) In a serological test if the antigen is
particulate the reaction is called
a) agglutination
b) precipitation
c) toxin neutralization
d) virus neutralization
13) Viruses are best demonstrated by
a) light microscope
b) dark ground microscope
c) electron microscope
d) phase contrast microscope
14) For sterilization of glassware the temperature
and time maintained in hot air oven is
a) 180 C for 06 minutes
b) 160 C for 60 minutes
c) 150 C for 60 minutes
d) 120 C for 30 minutes
15) Teichoic acids and Teichuronic acids are
found in
a. Gram positive bacteria
b. Gram negative bacteria
c. Fungi
d. Parasites
16) Heart lung machines are sterilized by
a) Ethylene oxide
b) Ozone
c) Chlorine
d) Formaldehyde
17) An organism completely dependent on
atmospheric oxygen for its survival and
growth is called
a) Facultative aerobe
b) Obligate aerobe
c) Facultative anaerobe
d) Aerotolerant anaerobe
18) Septicemia is
a) Presence of toxin in blood
b) Presence of pus in blood
c) Presence of living and non living bacteria in
blood
d) Presence of toxins and multiplication of
bacteria in blood
19) In bacterial cells, ribosomes are packed into
the cytoplasmic matrix and also loosely
attached to the plasma membrane. What is the
function of ribosomes?
a) energy production
b) protein synthesis
c) genetic recombination
d) osmoregulation
20) Bacteria do not always swim aimlessly but are
attracted by nutrients such as sugar and amino
acids, and are repelled by harmful substances and
bacterial waste products. Movement toward
attractants and away from repellents is called
a) Gliding motility
b) Tumbling
c) Chemotaxis
d) Phototaxis
21) Endospores are resistant due to presence of
dipicolinic acid which is a:
a) Hg++ chelator
b) Mg++ chelator
c) Ca++ chelator
d) Zn++ chelator
22) Plasmids are important to many bacteria
because plasmids
a) cannot be inherited from one generation to
the next.
b) may carry genes that give their host a
selective advantage.
c) can render bacteria drug-susceptible.
d) cause harm to the bacterial cells.
23) Which of the following organism are most
likely to contain lipopolysaccharides?
a) Bacillus anthracis
b) Steptococcus pneumoniae
c) Escherichia coli
d) Staphylococcus aureus
24) Genetic recombination mediated by viruses
in bacteria are known as:
a) Transition
b) Transversion
c) Transformation
d) Transduction
25)Bacterial endotoxins in human body cause:
a) Pyrexia
b) Hypertension
c) Damage only targeted organ
d) Endotoxins have no effect
26) Antigens and antibodies combination are
responsible for:
a) humoral immunity
b) cell mediated immunity
c) innate immunity
d) they have no role in immunity
27) Cross reactivity in antigen antibody reaction
is due to:
a) shared epitope
b) dis-similar epitope
c) shared Fc fragment
d) dis-similar Fc fragment
28) Which one is the live attenuated vaccine?
a) BCG
b) DPT
c) TT
d) Injectable polio vaccine
29) The medium used for antibiotic
susceptibility of non-fastidious bacteria is
a) Muller Hinton Agar
b) Chocolate agar
c) Nutrient agar
d) Loeffler’s serum slope
30) Sterilization is the process of destruction of
a) Bacteria
b) Viruses
c) Fungi
d) All forms of microorganism