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reports
 A report

• analyses a present situation and often has

recommendations

• is divided into sections and

contains factual information

• is written in a formal style

• uses headings for each section

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2. BASIC STRUCTURE OF A REPORT

1.Title
2.Introduction
3.Main body
4.Conclusion
5.Recommendations

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 STRUCTURE OF A REPORT
1. Title
 Explaining exactly what the report is about
 Subject: Noun or noun phrase
Although the title is not obligatory, it is certainly an
attractive addition and could be something like:
• Report on ……. + Topic
• Topic + : a report

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 STRUCTURE OF A REPORT
(Cont.)
2. Introduction/Background
 presenting the overview
 showing why the report was written
(the purpose of the report)
 how it has been constructed

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 STRUCTURE OF A REPORT
2. Introduction/Background – e.g
- Here is my report, as requested by the Board at
the meeting of 18 April.
- The purpose of this report is to
consider/analyze/review…
- The report is based on research done/ figures
collected/ interviews made …
- I have divided the report into three sections.

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reports
 STRUCTURE OF A REPORT
(Cont.)

3. Body: (Findings)

including the main body of information which may be

divided into several subsections

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reports
 STRUCTURE OF A REPORT
3. Findings – e.g
- As can be seen in table 1/ section 2/ figure 3, …
- The graph/ table shows that …
- It appears that … This has led to a situation where
…
- I will discuss this in more detail below/ in section
1,2,3…

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reports
 STRUCTURE OF A REPORT
(Cont.)

4. Conclusions
 Including the ideas you have formed

 drawing attention to problems that need to be addressed

- The findings/ figures/ results/ investigations show that …
- It is clear that we are in a situation where …

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reports
 STRUCTURE OF A REPORT
(Cont.)

5. Recommendations
 taking the form of a recommendation for future action

- My specific recommendations are as follows.

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 To sum up….
• A report is a formal paper, it has to be concise, well-organized,
which makes it recommended to use bullet points and
headings so that the reader can quickly find the information
they are looking for in your text.

• The language of a report is expected to be formal and

objective. For this reason, you should avoid including
yourself or your views in most of your sentences.

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reports
 STRUCTURE OF A REPORT

HEADINGS
Introduction
Procedures
Main points
(a)
(b)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
Conclusions
Recommendations
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reports
 STRUCTURE OF A REPORT

HEADINGS
1. Introduction
2. Data collection
2.1. Questionnaires
2.2. Interviews
2.3. Focus groups
3. Main findings
3.1. Internet users
3.1.1. Age group 18-30
3.1.2. Age group 30-50
3.1.3. Age group 50+
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reports
 Practice
You have recently attended the following one-day courses:
Developing Your Potential
Trends in Electronic Commerce
Managing People
Reducing Costs
Your company’s Training Manager has asked you to write a
short report about the training.
Write the report for the Training Manager
• describing the two courses which you found most useful
• explaining how you benefited from them
• outlining the specific training courses you would like to
attend next year
• giving reasons why these courses would be useful to you.
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reports
 Suggested OUTLINE 1:
Report: Useful training courses
1. Introduction:
2. Background:
3. Useful courses:
3.1. Description:
3.2. Benefits:
4. Conclusion & Recommendation:

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 Suggested OUTLINE 2:
Report: Useful training courses
1. Introduction:
2. Background:
3. Useful courses:
3.1. Developing your potential:
3.2. Trends in economic Commerce:
4. Conclusion & Recommendation:

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