Dental Anomalies

Dr Sana Arbab
What is a
n
anomaly?

Something that deviates from what is

standard, normal, or expected
 What is dental
anomaly?
Dental anomalies are craniofacial
abnormalities of form, function, or
position of the teeth, bones, and
tissues of the jaw and mouth.

 Anomalies of shape and size of

teeth are variants of the
development of teeth and
the dental system, deviating from
the norm

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These anomalies may result due to
disturbance in any of the morphological
stages of tooth development:

Initiation

Proliferation

Histodifferentiation

Morphodifferentiation

Apposition
 What is?

Dilaceration
Fusion
Gemination
Concrescence

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Taurodontism: Taurodontism is defined as the
enlargement of pulp chambers with the furcation area
being displaced toward the apex of the root of a tooth.
Commonly affects premolars and molars. It may be
unilateral or bilateral. It is diagnosed by x ray.
 Flexion

Distortion of the root portion only

Dilaceration: Distortion of both root

and crown
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 Dwarfed Roots

Crown size is normal but roots are abnormally short. The crowns have an
abnormal contour exhibiting a greater incisocervical convexity of the labial
surface. Commonly affected teeth are the maxillary central incisors.

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 Cusp of
Accessory cusps Carabell
and roots i

Leong’s Accessory Talon

Tubercle cusps Cusp

Central
accesso
ry cusp
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Ten cusped deciduous maxillary
second molar
Accessory cusps in third molar

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 Accessory roots: Extra roots are found on those teeth which undergo root
development after birth and thus the etiology is considered to be trauma,
pressure or metabolic diseases. Common teeth having extra roots are:

Third
molars

Maxillary first
Mandibular second Mandibular premolars
premolars anterior teeth
having two roots 11
What are me
tabolic They are a group of diseases which disrupts
diseases? the normal metabolic functions of human
body such as:

Hypoglycemia Hy
pe
r
o u t ole chol
G mi e s t
a r

Hy
llitu s

pe
Me bete
s

rca
D ia

lce
mi
a
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 Missing cusps

Cusps of permanent posterior teeth are occasionally absent. The most

diminished cusps are occasionally absent such as the lingual cusp of
mandibular first premolar, distolingual cusp of maxillary molars and
distal cusp of mandibular first molars.

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 Enamel Pearls

Also known as enamelomas or enamel drops.

Location: Attached to the root surface most

commonly in CEJ and furcation areas of
molars.

Form: Small nodules of ectopic enamel

surrounded by dentin core

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Wha
t is t
of fo he c
rmat ause
enam ion o
el pe f
arls?

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 This type of enamel dysplasia and therefore classified as
hypoplastic defects. Hutchinson’s teeth is a condition that
Hutchinson’s affects the shape and appearance of the teeth due to
exposure to syphilis before or during birth.

Teeth Etiology: It is due to defects in calcification by treponema

pallidum during morphodifferentiation stage of amelogenesis.

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Affected teeth: Permanent incisors and first molars.

Form: Screwdriver shaped incisors and mulberry molars.

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 Dens in Dente

Dens invaginatus (DI), also known as tooth within a tooth, is a rare dental
malformation where there is an infolding of enamel into dentine.

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Teeth affected: Permanent maxillary lateral
incisors

Location: The defect is on the lingual surface

in the form of an opening or lingual pit which
leads to enamel and dentin enclosed pulp
cavity.

Clinical significance: Due to lingual pit these

teeth can easily become carious and may
cause pain.

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 Odontoma

Odontoma is a benign tumor. There are two types of odontomes

Complex

Compound

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Complex odontoma: This growth consists of a mass of calcified dental
tissues (enamel dentine, cementum and pulp) and may be attached to the
normal tooth or may be located separately in alveolar bone.

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Compound odontoma: In this type of odontoma the calcified dental tissues
are arranged in a specific shape. There may be one or more of these tooth
forms, sometimes in the form of a normal tooth and sometimes may be
rudimentary.

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