CELL and TISSUES

JULIUS CAEZAR PERIDA

EUKARYOTIC CELL
w/ membrane bound organelles
• Cell membrane(Trilaminar- Lipid bilayer; globular proteins
• Cytoplasm- translucent, aqueous, homogenous gel
• Nucleus- controls all chem. Rxns (genetic material; central dogma)
• Organelles:
• RER- glycoproteins and phospholipids synthesis and transport
• SER- fatty acids and steroids; removes PO4 (from G6P); stores/released of Ca2+ from muscle
• Golgi complex-stacks of membranous sac (w/ cisternae)
• Ribosomes- CHON synthesis
• Proteasome- tiny barrel-like; w/ proteases
• Peroxisome- w/ oxidases and catalases

•
• Mitochondria- site of aerobic cellular respiration;w/ cristae and matrix
• Lysosomes- capable of autophagocytosis and autolysis
• Centriole-w/ tubulin; for growth of mitotic spindle and microtubule
formation
• Cytoskeleton- maintains shape;general organization of cell;
movement(aflagellar)
• Cilia-moves fluid over cell surface
• Flagella- cell locomotion
• Vault
TISSUES
*Components
1. CELLS
*Mesenchyme
• Fibroblasts
• Macrophages( developed from Monocytes)- Alveolar(DustCells); Kupffer cells;
Langerhan cells, Microglia; Osteoclast; Mesangial;Reticular interdigitating cells;
Hofbauer cells
• Mast Cells- contain heparin, histamine and serotonin
• Adipocytes
• Blood Cells – RBC; WBC (Granulocytes: Neutrophils, Eosinophils,
Basophils) Agranulocytes (Monocytes and Lymphocytes)
• Lymphocytes- Cell-mediated immunity (T4 and T8 cells); Humoral
immunity (B-lymphocytes- Plasma and Memory Cells)
2. Extracellular Matrix
a. Ground substances
Glycosaminoglycans- polysaccharide
components
Proteoglycans- core proteins
Dermatan SO4; Keratan SO4; Chondroitin SO4;
Hyaluronic Acid
Fibronectin- main adhesin protein of connective tissue
b. Fibers- Collagen; Elastic; Reticular