EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON HYBRID FIBRE

REINFORCED CONCRETE WITH STEEL AND

POLYPROPYLENE FIBERS

PRESENTED BY
: P CHINNACHAMY (710118413001)

GUIDED BY,
M.PERARASAN M.E,( Ph.D.)
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering.
Adithya Institute of Technology.
 ABSTRACT

The use of two or more types of fibres in a suitable combination may

potentially improve the overall properties of concrete and also result
in performance concrete. The combining of fibres, often called hybrid
fibre, is investigated in this project for a M30 grade concrete.

This project focuses on the experimental investigation carried out on

hybrid fibre reinforced concrete up to a total fibre volume fraction of
0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% which was prepared using normal
mixing, compaction and curing conditions.
 ABSTRACT

. At this volume fraction, flexural toughness and

ductility of hybrid fibre concretes comparable to steel
fibre concretes Increased fibre availability in the
hybrid fibre systems, in addition to the ability of non-
metallic fibres of bridging smaller micro cracks, are
suggested as the reasons for the enhancement in
flexural properties.
 SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW

• Hybrid fibre reinforced concretes significantly

improve the ductility performance of reinforced
concrete specimens.
• Hybrid fibre reinforced concretes significantly
enhance flexural strength.
• Modulus of rupture of hybrid fibre reinforced
concretes increases significantly.
• Hybrid fibre reinforced concrete specimens increases
the deflection compared to plain concrete.
• Hybrid fibre reinforced concrete reduces crack
widths.
 OBJECTIVE

• To explain the use of polypropylene –steel fibres to

improve the performance of the reinforced concrete
beams
• To increase the ultimate strength of the reinforced
concrete beams
• To study the mechanical properties of polypropylene-steel
fibre concrete
• To investigate the suitability of hybrid fibre reinforced
concretes
 SCOPE

• To study the ultimate load carrying capacity of

reinforced concrete beams using polypropylene and
steel fibres percentages varying from
0%,0.25%,0.5%and 1%, as Hybrid.
• To study experimentally the flexural behavior of
reinforced concrete beams using steel and
polypropylene fibres.
• To understand the failure mechanisms of the flexural
member.
 METHODOLOGY

This project is carried out as per the following

method.
•The properties of steel and polypropylene fibre are to
be studied by carrying out ductility and flexural strength
test. Then the steel and polypropylene fibers are added
in concrete beams with various proportions as 0.25%,
0.5%, 0.75% and 1% by volume fraction to form hybrid
concrete and the specimens are to be subjected to
loading separately up to the failure. The load carrying
capacity, deflection and crack pattern of the concrete
beams are to be studied
STEEL FIBRES AND
POLYPROPYLENE FIBERS
 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION

• The specific gravity of the cement tested is 3.10

• The initial and final setting time of the cement is 55
minutes and 720 minutes respectively.
• The specific gravity of the fine aggregate tested is 2.64.
• The fineness modulus of the aggregate tested is 2.85%
• The specific gravity of the coarse aggregate tested is
2.86.
• The fineness modulus of coarse aggregate tested is
7.27.
• The mix design for M30 concrete is arrived as 1: 1.64:
2.66
 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH RESULTS FOR
CUBES

Compression test on concrete cubes has been

carried out conforming to IS 516-1999. All the concrete
cube specimens were tested in a 2000 kN capacity
compression testing machine. The crushing strength of
concrete cube is determined by applying compressive load
at the rate of 140 kgf/cm2/min or 140 kN/min till the
specimen fail. After 28 days of curing, the cubes were then
allowed to become dry for few hours before testing. Plane
surfaces of the specimen were between the platens of
compression testing machine and subjective to loading.
The compressive strength of controlled concrete and other
composite specimen are given Table 5.10
Details of M30 Grade Proportions

No. of Description Fibre Volume Poly

Steel Fibre
Speci of specimen Fraction (Vf) in % Propylene No of Cubes
in %
men fibre in %

1 control 28th
NC 0 0 7th day
day
2 C1 100 0 3 3
3 C2 70 30 3 3
0.25
4 C3 30 70 3 3
5 C4 0 100 3 3
6 C5 100 0 3 3
7 C6 70 30 3 3
0.5
8 C7 30 70 3 3
9 C8 0 100 3 3
10 C9 100 0 3 3
11 C10 70 30 3 3
0.75
12 C11 30 70 3 3
13 C12 0 100 3 3
14 C13 100 0 3 3
15 C14 70 30 3 3
1
16 C15 30 70 3 3
17 C16 0 100 3 3
Compressive Strength of the Cubes at 7 Days,
28 Days
Compressive
No. of Description of No. of strength 7
Specim specimen Specim days N/mm2 Compre
en en ssive
Poly Propylene Steel Fibre in
strength
fibre in % %
28 days
N/mm2

1 CONTROL NC -- -- 25.35 36.22

2 C1 100 0 27.66 39.51
3 C2 70 30 25.58 36.54
0.25
4 C3 30 70 31.98 45.68
5 C4 0 100 29.39 41.98
6 C5 100 0 27.66 39.51
7 C6 70 30 23.16 33.09
0.5
8 C7 30 70 31.28 44.69
9 C8 0 100 30.25 43.21
10 C9 100 0 27.14 38.77
11 C10 70 30 32.49 46.42
0.75
12 C11 30 70 31.28 44.69
13 C12 0 100 28.18 40.25
14 C13 100 0 32.67 46.67
15 C14 70 30 33.53 47.90
1
16 C15 30 70 36.47 52.10
17 C16 0 100 32.84 46.91
 DISCUSSION ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

The compressive strength of Hybrid concrete specimens were

found to be more than that of control specimen indicating that the
addition of steel-polypropylene fibres are contributing to the strength.
The compressive strength of 0.25% Hybrid concrete
specimens, it was found that of all specimens was more than that of
control specimen indicating that the addition of 30-70 (Polypropylene-
Steel) is contributing to the maximum compressive strength.
The compressive strength of 0.5% Hybrid concrete specimens,
it was found that of all specimens was more than that of control
specimen except C6 indicating that the addition of 30-70
(Polypropylene-Steel) is contributing to the maximum compressive
strength.
 DISCUSSION ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

The compressive strength of 0.75% Hybrid concrete

specimens, it was found that of all specimens were more than that of
control specimen indicating that the addition of 70-30 (Polypropylene-
Steel) is contributing to the maximum compressive strength.

The compressive strength of 1% Hybrid concrete specimens, it

was found that of all specimens was more than that of control specimen
indicating that the addition of 30-70 (Polypropylene-Steel) is
contributing to the maximum compressive strength. It was concluded
that increase in compressive strength has been observed in all cases
except C6. 30-70 (Polypropylene-Steel) contributes maximum
compressive strength.
SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH RESULTS FOR
CYLINDERS

Hybrid fibre volume

S.N Reference Volume Split Tensile
fraction (PP-Steel)
O code fraction in % strength in Mpa
%

1. S1 (Control) 0 0-0 1.9

2. S2 1% 100-0 2.2

3. S3 1% 80-20 2.8

4. S4 1% 60-40 3.9

5. S5 1% 40-60 3.3

6. S6 1% 20-80 3.7

7. S7 1% 0-100 3.2
 DISCUSSION ON SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH

• The result of tensile strength shows that the strength

of hybrid fiber concrete of 1% volume fraction with
60-40 (Polypropylene-Steel) is 105.26% higher than
ordinary control specimen. The increase in split
tensile strength varies from 15.79% to 105.26%. In
all cases, increase in split tensile strength over control
concrete has been observed.
 CONCLUSION

• The following are the conclusions obtained based on the limited

experimental work carried out.

• The physical and mechanical properties of fly ash, metakaolin,

and lime sludge and rice husk ash have been found to be
favourable for use in cement concrete as indicates by the
compressive strength of concrete specimens tested.

• The compressive strength of Hybrid concrete specimens were

found to be more than that of control specimen indicating that
the addition of steel-polypropylene fibres are contributing to the
strength.
 CONCLUSION
• The compressive strength of 0.25% Hybrid concrete
specimens, it was found that of all specimens was more than
that of control specimen indicating that the addition of 30-70
(Polypropylene-Steel) is contributing to the maximum
compressive strength.

• The compressive strength of 0.5% Hybrid concrete specimens,

it was found that of all specimens was more than that of
control specimen except C6 indicating that the addition of 30-
70 (Polypropylene-Steel) is contributing to the maximum
compressive strength
 CONCLUSION

• The compressive strength of 0.75% Hybrid concrete specimens, it was

found that of all specimens were more than that of control specimen
indicating that the addition of 70-30 (Polypropylene-Steel) is contributing
to the maximum compressive strength.

• The compressive strength of 1% Hybrid concrete specimens, it was found

that of all specimens was more than that of control specimen indicating
that the addition of 30-70 (Polypropylene-Steel) is contributing to the
maximum compressive strength. It was concluded that increase in
compressive strength has been observed in all cases except C6. 30-70
(Polypropylene-Steel) contributes maximum compressive strength.
 REFERENCES

• 1) Denvid Lau and Oral Buyukozturk (2009), "Moisture Degradation in

Concrete/Epoxy Systems", The 9th International Symposium on Fiber
Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Concrete Structures , 13-15 July
2009, Sydney, Australia
• 2) N. Ganesan, P.V.Indira and Sabeena.M.V, " Effect of Hybrid fibres on
the Compressive Constitutive Behaviour of High Performance Concrete
under Cyclic Loading, National Conference on Recent Advances in Civil
Engineering (RACE 2012), Nov 29 ‐Dec 01, 2012, CUSAT, Kochi ,
pp.322‐327
• 3) Shah, S.P. and S.H. Ahmad, High performance concrete: properties and
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and Shaoxiong Zhou 69-75,10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.610-
613.69,Yuan Hua et al., 2009, Materials Science Forum, 610-613, 69,
January, 2009
 REFERENCES

• 5) Mahyuddin Ramli N., and Nandakuma,.N., (2003). Crack

Growth Resistance of Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Cement
Composites, Cement and Concrete Composites, 25, 3-9.
• 6) V Langlois P. Shah (1987). Strength Evaluation and Failure
Mechanisms of Fibre Reinforced Concrete, Proceedings of the
International Symposium on Fibre Reinforced Concrete, India,
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• 7) Yuan Hua, Jie Li, and Kern Wu, (2002). Mechanical
Properties of Hybrid FibreReinforced Concrete at Low Fibre
Volume Fraction, Cement and Concrete Research, 33, 27- 30.