AMERICAN FOOTBALL

AMIEL KLYDE OBAY

BPE-D3P
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

 To know the origin of the sport

 To identify what equipment are used on American
Football;
 Also to find out what scoring system are
implemented in this sport
SOURCE
• https://www.rulesofsport.com/sports/american-football.html#google_
vignette
• https://www.britannica.com/sports/American-football
 American Football

American football, version of the sport of football that evolved from English rugby and
soccer (association football); it differs from soccer chiefly in allowing players to touch,
throw, and carry the ball with their hands, and it differs from rugby in allowing each
side to control the ball in alternating possessions. The sport, played with 11 on each
side, originated in North America, primarily in the United States, where it eventually
became the country’s leading spectator sport. It also developed simultaneously
in Canada, where it evolved into a 12-man game, though Canadian football never
achieved the great popularity and status of ice hockey there. American football has not
been taken up in the rest of the world to the same degree as other
RULES OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL
• Games last for four 15 minute quarters. A 2 minute break between the
1st & 2nd and 3rd & 4th quarters is had along with a 15 minute rest
between 2nd and 3rd quarters (half time).
• Each team has 4 downs to gain 10 or more yards. They can either
throw or run the ball to make the yards. As soon as the team gains the
required yards then the downs reset and the yardage resets. Failure to
make the yardage after 4 downs will result in a turnover.
• There are hundreds of different plays that players can run on any down.
Plays are made up by the teams and often have players running all over
the place (routes) in what is essentially organized chaos. The head
coach or quarter back calls the on field plays for the attacking team
whilst the defensive captain calls the plays for the defensive team.
RULES OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL
• At the start of every game is the coin toss to decide which team
receives the ball first and which side of the pitch they want to start
from.
• The game begins with a kick-off where one team punts the ball down
field for the other team to then run back with the ball as far as possible.
• On fourth down the offence has the option to either try to make up the
yards they are short or to kick the ball. If they decide to kick they have
two options; to punt or to try for a field goal. Depending on their
position on the pitch will usually dictate their paly. Anything within 40
yards or so of the opposition’s goal posts will result in a field goal
attempt. Further back will likely mean they take the punt option.
EQUIPMENT

HELMET – Used to protect the head for possible head

injuries.
Shoulder Pads – it is used for guarding the shoulder and
gives minimal protection for the chest.
Elbow Pads – used for protecting the elbow for scratches
while playing Football.
Gloves – to give extra grip for the players on the ball.
Hip, Thin and Knee Pads – used to protect lower body of a
player.
Cleats – used to move freely on the field, because wearing
ordinary shoes may caused slippery, so spike shoes or cleats
is the most suggested shoe in American Football.
VENUE
• An American football field is generally around 100 yards long and 60 yards wide.
Lines are drawn on the field at 10 yard interval to indicate how far each team has
to go before reaching the end zone. The end zones are added at each end of the
pitch and are roughly 20 yards in length each. Posts can also be found at each end
of which the kicker kicks the ball over.
MECHANICS
• Teams: Each team consists of 11 players on the field at a time, with specialized positions
such as quarterback, running back, wide receiver, offensive and defensive linemen,
linebackers, and defensive backs.
• Objective: The primary goal is to score points by advancing the ball into the opponent's
end zone. This can be achieved through touchdowns, field goals, or safeties.
• Scrimmage: The game begins with a coin toss to determine which team gets possession
first. The offensive team starts at the line of scrimmage, a designated spot on the field,
with a set number of attempts (downs) to advance the ball.
• Downs: Teams have four downs (or attempts) to advance the ball 10 yards. If they
succeed, they get another set of downs. If not, possession of the ball is turned over to the
opposing team.
• Play Clock: Each play has a time limit called the play clock. Teams must snap the ball
before the play clock expires, typically around 40 seconds.
• Snap: The play begins with a snap, where the center passes the ball to the quarterback.
The quarterback can then pass the ball, hand it off to a running back, or run with it.
MECHANICS
• Passing and Running: Teams can advance the ball by passing it through the air or running
with it. Receivers catch passes, while running backs carry the ball on the ground.
• Tackling: The defense aims to stop the offense from advancing by tackling the ball carrier.
Tackling involves bringing the ball carrier to the ground.
• Scoring:
1. Touchdown: Occurs when a player carries the ball across the opponent's goal line or catches a pass
in the end zone.
2. Field Goal: A kick through the goalposts, typically attempted on fourth down if the team is in
range.
3. Safety: Awarded to the defense when the offense is tackled in its own end zone.
• Turnovers: Possession can change through interceptions (catching a pass intended for the
opposing team) or fumbles (losing possession of the ball).
• Halftime and Quarters: The game is divided into four quarters, each lasting 15 minutes.
There is a halftime break between the second and third quarters.
SCORING SYSTEM

• When a player scores a touchdown six points are awarded to their

team. A touchdown can be scored by either carrying the ball into the
end zone or receiving the ball from a pass whilst in the end zone.
After a touchdown has been scored the attacking team have
opportunity to kick the ball for an extra point. The ball must pass
between the upright posts for a successful kick.
• A field goal can be scored from anywhere on the pitch at any time
(usually on the final down) and a successful kick will result in three
points. A safety is where the defensive team manages to tackle an
attacking opponent in their own end zone; for this the team will
receive 2 points.
OFFICIATING OFFICIALS
• Referee - enforcing the rules of the game, making decisions on game-related issues, and
ensuring fair play
• Umpire - stands behind the defensive line and linebackers, observing the blocks by the
offensive line and defenders trying to ward off those blocks, looking for holding or illegal
blocks.
• Down Judge - looks down the line of scrimmage, rules on sideline plays on one half of the
field, counts the offensive players on field and informs the referee of the current down
• Line Judge - assists the head linesman/down judge at the other end of the line of scrimmage,
looking for possible offsides, encroachment and other fouls before the snap
• Field Judge - makes decisions near the sideline on his or her side of the field, judging the
action of nearby running backs, receivers and defenders.
• Side Judge - works downfield behind the defensive secondary on the same sideline as the head
linesman or down judge
• Back Judge - judging the action of nearby running backs, receivers (primarily the tight ends)
and nearby defenders.
END OF REPORT
THANK YOU 