VOLLEYBA

LL
SPORT

GRUOP 3:
LEAH ANTONETTE JURIA
ABEGAIL CLEOPAS
DAN SABARIA
 DEFINITION:
• Volleyball is a team sport played by two six-player teams separated by a
net. Under structured regulations, each side attempts to gain points by
grounding a ball on the opposing team's court.

• It has been a part of the official Summer Olympic Games program since
1964 in Tokyo. Beach volleyball was added to the programme at the
1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. Sitting volleyball is the adapted
variation of volleyball used in the Summer Paralympic Games.
HISTORY
Volleyball, invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan, the physical director of
the Young Men's Christian Association in Holyoke, Massachusetts, was
initially called "mintonette" but was later renamed "volleyball" by a
Massachusetts professor. The game gained popularity in schools, playgrounds,
and the armed forces, and was later introduced to other countries. The
original rules were written by Morgan and published in the Official
Handbook of the Athletic League of the Young Men's Christian Associations
of North America in 1897.
 OBJECTIVE:
• Volleyball is a sport played by two teams on a playing court divided by
a net. The objective is to send the ball over the net to ground it on the
opponent's court and prevent the same effort by the opponent. The
team has three hits for returning the ball, including block contact. The
ball is put in play with a service, hit by the server over the net to the
opponents. The rally continues until the ball is grounded, goes "out" or
a team fails to return it properly. The winning team scores a point
using the rally point system.
EQUIPMEN
TS:
Volleyball Balls
• Indoor volleyballs are made from leather, while outdoor ones are made from water-resistant composite material.
• Indoor volleyballs are moulded together, while outdoor ones are stitched.

Volleyball Shorts
• Comfortable and flexible, made from stretchable spandex or moisture-wicking material.
• Available in sleeveless athletic t-shirts or long sleeve sport shirts.
• Usually carry team's name and logo.

Volleyball Shoes
• Features a gum rubber sole for lateral movement.
• Suitable for both recreational and serious players.
• Suitable for both men and women.
EQUIPMEN
TS:
Volleyball Braces, Sleeves, and Pads
• Knee pads are crucial for protection against bruising and floor burns.
• Elbow pads and arm sleeves are used for extra padding during dives.
• Ankle braces are worn for additional support due to the stress and strain volleyball can cause.

Volleyball Court
• 60 feet by 30 feet, divided by a net over the center line.
• Playing surfaces include wood, rubber tile, grass, or sand.

Volleyball Net and Poles

• Official net measures 32 feet long by 39 inches tall.
• Holded up by poles made from steel or aluminium.

Volleyball Penalty Cards

• Yellow cards warn players of bad conduct without a penalty.
• Red cards result in a sanction for continuous misconduct.
 BASIC
Serving
SKILLS:
• The first contact in a volleyball game, gaining an advantage over the opposing team.
• Various types of serves include underhand, overhand, jump serve, floater, and topspin.
• Mastery of serve accuracy and consistency is crucial.

Passing
• The player receives the ball from the opposing team's serve or hit.
• The goal is to keep the ball in play and set up an offensive play.
• Effective passing involves getting in position, keeping arms straight and feet parallel, extending knees forward, and making
contact with the ball using forearms.

Setting
• The most important step in an offensive play, determining which player gets to spike or attack.
• The player should use their fingertips and create a triangle with their thumb and fingers.
 BASIC
SKILLS:
Attacking
• The final step in the pass-set-spike sequence, used to score points.
• Spiking is the most common and consistently effective way to attack a ball.

Spike Types
• Cross-court spike: A diagonal attack diagonally across the court.
• Line spike: A straight attack straight down the line ahead of the hitter.
• Tool spike: An attack that intentionally hits off the opposing team's blockers, deflecting the
ball out of bounds.
 TEAMS:
In volleyball, a team is composed of six players on the court at any given time. Each player has a specific
position and role, contributing to the overall strategy and success of the team. The positions typically
include:

1. Setter- The setter is like the quarterback of the team. They are responsible for setting the ball accurately
to the attackers, creating opportunities for successful attacks. Setters also play a crucial role in orchestrating
the team's offensive plays.

2. Outside Hitter (Left Side Hitter)-Positioned on the left side of the court, the outside hitter is a primary
attacker. They receive sets from the setter and aim to score points by hitting the ball over the net, usually
from the left side.
 TEAMS:
3. Opposite Hitter (Right Side Hitter)- The opposite hitter attacks from the right side of the court. They often
play a role in blocking against the opponent's outside hitter and contribute to the team's offensive efforts.

4. Middle Blocker-Positioned near the net, the middle blocker focuses on blocking the opponent's attacks. They
play a key role in both defense and offense, being a strong presence at the net.

5. Libero-The libero is a specialized defensive player, easily recognizable by their different-colored jersey. They
excel in passing and digging, playing a crucial role in keeping the ball in play and setting up successful attacks.

6. Defensive Specialist- Similar to the libero, the defensive specialist also emphasizes defensive skills,
including passing and digging. However, they may have additional responsibilities such as serving or
substituting for other players when needed.
GAME OFFICIALS:
In volleyball, game officials ensure fair play and enforce the rules of the game. The key officials in a volleyball
match are:

1. Referee- The main referee is positioned on an elevated stand and has the overall authority to make
decisions during the game. They are responsible for ensuring that the rules are followed, calling faults, and
making decisions on points and disputes. There is also a second referee who assists and focuses on specific
aspects of the game.

2. Line Judges- There are two line judges, each positioned at the corners of the court. They are responsible for
determining whether the ball is in or out along the sidelines and end lines. Line judges help the main referee
make accurate calls regarding the ball's placement.
 GAME
OFFICIALS:
3. Scorer-The scorer is responsible for keeping track of the points, substitutions, and
timeouts during the match. They work in coordination with the referees to ensure the
accurate recording of the game's progress.

4. Assistant Scorer/Libeo Tracker-In some cases, there may be an assistant scorer who
helps track specific statistics, such as the rotations of players or the libero's substitutions.
These officials work together to maintain a fair and orderly game. Their decisions are final,
and players, coaches, and spectators are expected to respect and abide by their rulings.
 BEGINNING OF THE
GAME:
• Team Warm-Up: Both teams have a warm-up period before the match starts.
• Coin Toss: A coin toss is conducted before the match starts, allowing the winner to choose to
serve or select their side.
• Line-Up Submission: Each team submits their starting lineup to the game officials.
• Introduction: Players are introduced to the crowd and spectators, often with announcements of
player names and positions.
• First Serve: The game officially begins with the first serve, initiated by the team that wins the
coin toss or the team determined by rules.
• Rotation: Players rotate positions clockwise after winning the serve from the opposing team.
SCORING:
Scoring in volleyball is straightforward and follows a rally-point system, meaning points can be scored by either team regardless of
which team served the ball. Here's how scoring works:

• Scoring a Point: A point is scored when the ball hits the ground within the opponent's court boundaries, the opponent
commits a fault, or fails to return the ball legally over the net. The team that successfully executes a play earns the
point.

• Point Value: Each rally won by a team results in one point being awarded to that team. In traditional volleyball
matches, the first team to reach 25 points with at least a two-point advantage wins the set. However, the exact point
total needed to win a set may vary depending on the level of play and specific tournament rules.

• Deciding Set: If a match reaches a deciding set (often the fifth set in a best-of-five format), the point total required to
win the set may be reduced, often to 15 points, with the same two-point advantage rule.
 SCORING:
• Serving Rotation: The team that wins a point retains the right to serve for the next point. Players rotate positions
clockwise when their team wins the serve, ensuring fairness and equal distribution of opportunities.

• Side-Out: In volleyball, a side-out occurs when the serving team fails to win the rally, and the receiving team
gains the right to serve. Side-outs were more significant in traditional scoring systems, where points could only be
scored by the serving team. However, in the modern rally-point system, both teams have the opportunity to score
on every rally.

• Winning the Match: To win the overall match, a team must win the predetermined number of sets (usually best of
three or best of five sets). The team that wins the required number of sets first, as per the tournament or match
rules, is declared the winner.

Understanding scoring in volleyball is essential for players, coaches, and spectators alike, as it dictates the flow and
outcome of the game.
 RULES AND
REGULATIONS:
1. Court Size
- The volleyball court is 18 meters long and 9 meters wide, divided into two halves by a net.
2. Teams
- Each team has six players on the court at a time, with substitutes available.
- Players switch positions after winning a serve.
3. Scoring
- Points are scored on every rally.
- Points are earned when the ball touches the ground in the opponent's court or when the opponent commits a fault.
4. Serving
- The game starts with a serve from behind the end line of the serving team's court.
5. Rotation
- Players rotate positions clockwise after winning a serve.
 RULES AND
6. Faults REGULATIONS:
- Mistakes like hitting the ball out of bounds or touching the net give points to the other team.
7. Libero
- A specialized defensive player, wearing a different-colored jersey, with specific limitations.
8. Substitutions
- Substitutes can come in during breaks in play.
9. Officials
- Referees and judges make sure everyone follows the rules.
10. Sportsmanship
- Players and spectators must be respectful and fair.

Following these rules ensures that volleyball games are fair, safe, and enjoyable for everyone.
THANK YOU!!