EDU 414: ICT IN EDUCATION

Problems and Prospects

By
Soetan, A.K. &
Aderoju, M.A.
Dept. of Educational Technology
University of Ilorin
 What is ICT?

Information and Communications

Technology (ICT), is an extended
synonym, an umbrella term which
contains both Information
Technology (IT) as well as
Communications Technology
under its fold.
 What is ICT? Cont'd
broad term used to refer to the literally infinite
areas of scientific studies and techniques used in
the
 handling of telecommunications;
 media management and broadcast;
 intelligent systems;
 data handling, processing, storage and
transmission;
 network based solutions;
 as well as audio visual monitoring processes.
 What is ICT?
includes any communication device or
application, encompassing: radio, television,
cellular phones, computer and network hardware
and software, satellite systems and so on, as well
as the various services and applications
associated with them, such as videoconferencing
and distance learning. ICTs are often spoken of
in a particular context, such as ICTs in education,
health care, or libraries. (Margaret Rouse 2005)
 What is ICT?
ICT covers all forms of computer and
communications equipment and software used to
create, design, store, transmit, interpret and
manipulate information in its various formats.
Personal computers, laptops, tablets, mobile
phones, transport systems, televisions, and
network technologies are just some examples of
the diverse array of ICT tools.
(http://www.uq.edu.au/ICT/what-is-ICT 2012)
 What is ICT?
ICT is a general term, that describes the process
of creating, modifying, storage, transmission of
information, in varied formats, between humans
and machines alike globally, using several
different electronic technologies, to achieve an
outcome (be it recreational, or otherwise.)

Now let's look at education ...

 What is Education?
Education is the process of facilitating learning,
or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values,
beliefs, and habits

Education brings about an inherent and

permanent change in a person's thinking and
capacity to do things.
 What is Education?
the act or process of imparting or acquiring general
knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and
judgment, and generally of preparing oneself or
others intellectually for mature life

the act or process of imparting or acquiring

particular knowledge or skills, as for a profession.
(Dictionary.com)
 What is Education?
Education, is a process of inviting truth and
possibility, of encouraging and giving time to
discovery. It is, as John Dewey (1916) put it, a
social process –
‘a process of living and not a preparation for future living’

In this view educators look to act with people rather on

them. Their task is to educe (related to the Greek notion
of educere), to bring out or develop potential.
 What is Education?
 Deliberate and hopeful. It is learning we set
out to make happen in the belief that people
can ‘be more’;
 Informed, respectful and wise. A process of
inviting truth and possibility.
 Grounded in a desire that at all may
flourish and share in life. It is a cooperative
and inclusive activity that looks to help
people to live their lives as well as they can.
 Education

is the wise, hopeful and respectful cultivation

of learning undertaken in the belief that all
should have the chance to share in life.
 ICT and Education

1.Education shapes the future

of the students and
2.Technology (ICT) shapes the
way of education
 Useful ICT tools in Education
Photos/Video Feedback tools Video conferencing
1. Tag Galaxy
2. You Tube 1. JANET Video Conferencing
1. Socrative
3. TeacherTube 2. JANET Collaborate
4. BBC Learning 2. Answer Garden 3. ooVoo
5. Photo/Video utilities 3. EduBlogs 4. Skype
6. Block Poster 4. WikiSpaces 5. Periscope
7. CommonCraft 5. ClassTools
8. Camstudio 6. ClassMarker
9. Screencast-OMatic 7. It's Learning
10. WeVideo
8. Survey Monkey
9. Google forms
 Useful ICT Tools in Education
Learning Management Collaborative Tools
Solutions 1. Blogs
1. Google Classroom 2. Wiki
2. Blackboard 3. Ed canvas
3. Moodle 4. Lucid Chart
4. Edmodo 5. Slideshare
6. Prezi
Other ICT Tools in Education

 Audio Solutions
 Games and Simulation
 Assistiive Technologies
 Security Solutions
 CBT
 CCTV
 Payment systems
 And lots more . . .
 Problems of ICT in Education
For students and schools and the System:
• To what extent can and should curriculum
reform take rapid technological changes into
account?
• What contributions can ICT make to the
changing roles of pupils and teachers in schools?
• How much of the traditional curriculum needs
to be dropped to make space for new content and
processes?
• What kinds of equipment and what amounts are
needed?
• What are the features of the ICT infrastructure
that are crucial for smooth and safe e-learning?
• What guidelines are needed to help e-students
to find their way around the internet?
For teachers:
• Which new kinds of skills do teachers need for
dealing with ICT?
• Which conditions must be in place if staff
development in ICT is to be successful for
making an impact on practice?
• Which models of staff development have been
adopted since the mid-1990s?
• Which school conditions are important if ICT is
to succeed?
For national policies:
• What kinds of policy goals need to be pursued?
• Which implementation strategies have been
used, and which appear to be effective?
• What are the main issues and challenges that
need to be considered when formulating national
policies for ICT?
These are the kinds of issues that all countries
face – whether they are countries just beginning
to introduce ICT into schools, or are in the
second stage of development having had ICT for
10 or more years and are considering further
development.

When those questions are not addressed, then, issues arise

 Issues related to use of ICT in
schools
 Plagiarism
 Wrong Spellings
 Unforgiving nature of machine especially at
judging between mistake and error
 Information overload
 Techno-Invasion
 Techno-Complexity
 Techno-Insecurity
 Issues related to use of ICT in schools

Effectiveness, Cost, Equity, and Sustainability

are four broad intertwined issues which must be
addressed when considering the overall impact
of the use of ICTs in education.
Challenges of ICT use in Education
 Cost of acquisition and maintenance
 Personnel resistance to change
 Cost of training personnel
 Unstable power supply
 inadequate technical know-how
 Prospects of ICT in Education
1. The Aims of ICT in Education
Teaching students about the use of technology is
not relevant, even for very young children, if
there are no meaningful contexts created for
them in which to use the technology.
The key issue for further development is whether
the curriculum reform goals that many systems
have established can be achieved with the use of
technology in a meaningful and authentic way.
2. Strategies for System-wide Implementation
(Curriculum Issues and Strategies for Change)
ICT rarely acts by itself as a catalyst for
educational change. Rather, ICT mostly acted as a
lever for the development and growth that the
schools had already planned for. Thus ICT might
be selected as a key enabling factor or focus for
change, but clear educational goals and strategies
were evident from the start of the innovation.
There was no evidence to affirm that just by
installing ICT in a school, innovations and
change would follow.
3. Planning for ICT Infrastructure and Support
The curriculum goals of computer literacy and
‘learning through technology’ demand primarily
free and ready access to a computer with basic
office-type applications and Internet access. All
computers and the Internet are accessible to
students as long as they are located in an area which
has an electricity supply. This can be done through
various partnership and donation schemes, whereby
outdated computers and peripherals phased out in
businesses and in developed countries are donated
to schools directly or to community organizations.
Int
4. Strategies for supporting school
development (leadership issues)
Given that successful ICT implementation needs
to be a process of innovation and change,
leadership is of paramount importance. Leading
change and innovation at the school level
requires the establishment of a vision and a
mission shared by the VC or Principal, most
teachers, students, parents and the community, as
well as the formulation and implementation of
appropriate strategies to realize the vision.
5. Strategies for staff development
There will be opportunities for all interested
teachers to learn about ICT-supported didactical
approaches that are proven to be relevant and
practical. Such training should be organized as
school-based efforts so that there will be a
broader base of teachers to contribute to its
implementation, and more teachers can be
involved in developing ways of using the limited
IT infrastructure to benefit students to the
maximum.
What Education should Expect from ICT

1. Virtual Reality
2. Augmented Reality
3. Enhanced LMS
4. E learning
5. Flipped Classroom
 Final Words

Remember
It's not the technology that matters, it's what we do with it.