Teaching-Learning Process in an ICT-Mediated Classroom

Regina Gaudelia Panyo

1.1 Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is defined as a diverse set of

technological tools and resources used to transmit, store, create, share or exchange information.
These technological tools and resources include computers, the Internet (websites, blogs and
emails), live broadcasting technologies (radio, television and webcasting), recorded
broadcasting technologies (podcasting, audio and video players, and storage devices) and
telephony (fixed or mobile, satellite, vision/video-conferencing, etc.). (UNESCO, 2017)

Information and Communications Technology (ICT) can positively affect student

learning when instructors are digitally proficient and comprehend how to incorporate it
into educational program.

1.2 ICT Mediated Classroom Teaching-learning

Similar to a traditional classroom, an ICT-mediated classroom uses a variety of ICT tools and
techniques to help students learn, but face-to-face instruction by teachers remains the primary
method of instruction.
ICT-Mediated Instruction has been referred to as an “instruction via a technological channel
such as television, radio or a computer” (Blurton, 1999). Whereas an ICT-Mediated Classroom
fosters hands-on learning. It improves the learning condition and enhance students to develop
decisive reasoning and critical thinking, research, and assessment abilities. Children learn best
by experiencing their surroundings. ICT interceded learning works with kids' learning.
 For example, if a teacher is teaching metallurgy in the class, s/he can use a video
available in the video library of school or online on YouTube to help learners understand
various metallurgical processes. Most teachers in Indian schools use various ICTs as
teaching-learning material by integrating them in their classroom teaching. They help
teachers explain various concepts and processes as well as learners understand these
concepts and processes.

1.3 Teaching-Learning Process using ICT

Technology can impact learning process in different environment. ICT have been utilized in
many fields including education. Using technology, several process can be created and improve
the quality of education.
Networked Teaching-Learning Process refers to the teaching-learning environment that is
created by network technologies such as telephones, computer, mobile phones, etc. it enables
communication to people resided in any part of the world.
It is an effective medium for the following functions:
• Activating motivation
• Providing learning guidance
• Providing feedback

Virtual Teaching-Learning Process is a method where online platforms are used by students
to take classes, learn on their own, meet academic faculty, and interact with other students. It
can be found on the Internet.

 As such, virtual teaching-learning environment implies learning circumstance accessible

through ICT that resembles a classroom atmosphere and situations using the internet.
 Using ICT, students do not need to travel to their actual campus to attend lectures,
procure learning materials, and workshops.

The teaching learning activities are carried out through teacher-centered as well as learner-
centered activities with provision of study materials.
The virtual teaching-learning environment is used to:
• Augment traditional lecture-based teaching with online learning materials and
communication.
• Support project work that follows face-to-face teaching-learning program.
• Provide distance learning with all interactivity and materials available online.

1.4 Significant Pedagogical benefits of ICT (Kollias & Kikis, 2005)

1. Promoting active learning
2. Providing students with competencies and technological skills
3. Stimulates students in collaborative and project-based learning

1.5 Positive Impacts and Effects of an ICT-based environment on the educational system:
1. Assist students in accessing digital information efficiently and effectively.
In education system ICT is used as a tool for students to discover learning topics, solve
problems, and provide solutions to the problems in the learning process. ICT makes knowledge
acquisition more accessible, and concepts in learning areas are understood while engaging
students in the application of ICT.

2. Students work at their own pace suitable to their needs.

Most of the activities done online have deadlines/submissions so students can work on their
own pace.

3. Furnishes students more control.

A learner can learn at any time, sitting at any place. There is no more need to sit in the four
walls of classroom at a specific time for specific duration. Online learning has brought the
flexibility in terms of time and space for learning.

4. Promotes learning in groups and peer learning.

Promote collaborative learning in a distance-learning environment. ICT enables students to
communicate, share, and work collaboratively anywhere, any time. For instance, a
teleconferencing classroom could invite students around the world to gather together
simultaneously for a topic discussion. They may have the opportunity to analyze problems and
explore ideas as well as to develop concepts.

5. Promotes Independent learning.

Some of the activities and worksheets done in an ICT-based learning are singular that limits to
only one student.

6. Can enhance use of multimedia tools.

Multiple use of technology can enhance a learner’s intelligence in the use of technology.

7. Offer more opportunities to develop critical (higher-order) thinking skills.

Online learning has given an opportunity to learner to learn from anywhere. You can see a good
number of educational institutions of repute are offering online course these days. Learners can
choose the best one in terms of content quality, reputation and acceptability.

8. Improve teaching and learning quality

Through using ICT student can create something new and they engage themselves for
acquiring knowledge by using ICT. ICT help educator to create their own materials. When the
ICT use in classroom the whole classroom remains active. than the classroom become
effective. The quality education provides easily through using ICT.

According to Florencio & Andong (2008), computers as one form of ICT are used in the
classroom as;

 Gaming tools. A playful approach to computers helps students prepare for future computer
use and stimulates their creativity and imagination.
 Teacher tool. Teachers use computers for administration tasks, production of documents,
and creation of lessons.
 Research tool. Computers are used to provide students with access to information on the
internet.
 Communication tool. The use of computers in the classroom facilitates communication
among teachers and student.
 Training tool for repetitive tasks. This includes using drill and practice programs for some
fields of learning.
 Teaching tool for development of thinking skills. Computers may be used for interactive
games and real-world simulations.
 Limitations on the Use of Technology

Despite the numerous benefits of technology, challenges still persist in the teaching-learning
process. Some of the limitations of technology in the educational system identified by Kaur
(2017) are as follow:

 Over-reliance on ICT hampers students’ critical thinking skills.

 Students often have only a superficial understanding of the information they download.
 Computer-based learning has negative physical side-effects such as poor vision and
stiffness problems.
 Students may be easily distracted from their learning and may explore unwanted sites.
 Students tend to rely on copying documents and just pasting them as is.
 Students may have less chances to practices oral and written skills.

Likewise, Kaur (2017) also determined limitations as expressed by teachers:

 Lack of skills in the use if ICTs

 Lack of self-confidence in using ICTs
 Hesitation to use ICTs in classrooms

Concerns and issues on ICT use in education

 High cost and maintenance of technology
 Intermittent and slow internet connections
 Poor power supply
 Data Privacy

References:
UNESCO. (2017). Qingdao Statement: strategies for leveraging ICT to achieve Education 2030.
https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000253061
Kaur, Ashneet. (2020). IMPACT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY ON THE STUDENT PERFORMANCE IN HIGHER
EDUCATION.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343415987_IMPACT_OF_MODERN_TECHNOLOGY_ON_THE_
STUDENT_PERFORMANCE_IN_HIGHER_EDUCATION
Florencio, E. I. & Andong, R. M. (2008). Information and communication technology in basic education: A
strategic approach for educators. Pasig City, PH: Anvil Publishing, Inc.
Kollias, A., & Kikis, K. (2005). Pedagogic Innovations with the use of ICTS. From wider visions and policy
reforms to school culture. In Google Books. Edicions Universitat Barcelona.
https://books.google.com.ph/books/about/Pedagogic_Innovations_with_the_Use_of_IC.html?id=ILcurz
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Blurton, C. (1999) New directions of ICT-use in education. - References - Scientific Research Publishing.
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