2、六级阅读解题技巧黄艳彬

六级
仔细阅读
目录 /CONTENTS
1 七大命题特点
2 五大常考题型
3 五步解题顺序
一、七大命题特点
1 、段首、段尾处常考
2 、语义转折或对比处常考
3 、列举处常考
4 、因果处常考
5 、代词出现处常考
6 、引用人物论断处常考
7 、特殊标点符号后的内容常考
二、五大常考题型
题型比例
1. 推理判断题 47%
2. 细节辨认题 41%
3. 观点态度题 10%
4. 语义理解题 1%
5. 主旨大意题 1%
1 、推理判断题
以原文内容为前提，据作者
的观点理论（非考生观点），客
观地对文中未明显说明的现象或
事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出
一定解释。
着重考查学生归纳概括、逻
辑推理等综合能力。
做题要领：
既要求学生透过文章表面文
字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要
求学生对作者的态度、意图及文
章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，
力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要
固守自己的看法或观点。
隐而未发为答案
常见命题方式：
1.The passage implies ( 暗示 ) that_____.
2. We can conclude ( 得出结论 ) from the
passage that____.
3.Which of the following can be inferred ( 推
论 )?
For much of the past decade, American and British scientist have been
annoyed by the phenomenon known as the French Paradox.
Nutritionally speaking, the French have been getting away with
murder: They eat all the butter,cream, fois gras,pastry and cheese that
their hearts desire, and yet their rates of obesity and heart disease are
much lower than ours. The Frech eat three times as much saturated
animal fat as Americans do, and only a third as many diet of heart
attacks.It’s maddening.
1. What is the French Paradox according to the passage?
A. The French eat more nutritious food than Americans. C
B. Few French people die of heart attacks each year.
C. The French are much less likely to suffer from heart disease although they eat lots
of fatty food.
D. The French are as likely to die of heart attacks as Americans although they eat less
fatty food.
2. 观点态度题
一般来说，说明文体裁客观，所以作者的态度应是客观的 (objective) 或
中立的 (neutral) ；而在议论文中，作者的观点往往是有所表达的，考生应细心
捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词或短语。
抢答 --- 有关态度的词：
optimistic pessimistic cautious enthusiastic objective
subjective arbitrary neutral positive negative
critical compromising indifferent ironic appreciative

2. 观点态度题
抢答 --- 有关态度的词：
武断的
optimistic 乐观的 enthusiastic 热情的 arbitrary
客观的中立的
pessimistic 悲观的 objective neutral
cautious 审慎的
subjective 主观的
positive
肯定的
讽刺的
negative 否定的 compromising 折中的
ironic
批判的
critical indifferent 漠不关心的
appreciative 欣赏的
Example
The recent British paper on the last half century of music found that hip hop
has reigned the Billboard charts longer than any other musical style. Why might
that be? In the early 1990s, some cultural critics argued that rock was
qualitatively supervisor, because rap songs were mere “bricolage( 拼凑，大杂
烩 ).” But it’s precisely because hip hop’s nature is to absore other musical styles
that it has proved so durably elastic.
What does the author think of the cultural critics’ claim concerning
rap?
A. Self-evident B. Thought-provoking C. Appropriate D. Subjective
显而易见的引起思考的合适的主观的
不证自明的发人深省的恰当的
Example
The recent British paper on the last half century of music found that hip hop
has reigned the Billboard charts longer than any other musical style. Why might
that be? In the early 1990s, some cultural critics argued that rock was
qualitatively supervisor, because rap songs were mere “bricolage( 拼凑，大杂
烩 ).” But it’s precisely because hip hop’s nature is to absore other musical styles
that it has proved so durably elastic.
What does the author think of the cultural critics’ claim concerning
rap?
A. Self-evident B. Thought-provoking C. Appropriate D. Subjective
解析：选择 D 。一些文化评论家高度评价摇滚，却认为说唱音乐只是拼凑，但作者
在最后一句中指出，正是因为说唱音乐可以做到兼收并蓄，才使它具有长期的活力。
可见作者认为这些评论家的看法并不符合客观事实，故答案为 D 。
3. 主旨大意题
主要的目的是了解文章所论述的主题思想以及作者的写作意图。
常见命题方式：
A: What is the general topic of the passage

B: The best title for this passage is ______.
C: The main idea of this passage is______.
D: What is the passage about?
E: What does this passage mainly discuss?
3. 主旨大意题
解题注意事项
选择答案时切忌过于具体，不能选择概括全篇文章中某一段落的主

题的、或是某个细节的选项；
也不要选择过于笼统的答案，致使选项中包含的内容超越了文章的
主题。
最基本的方法是找各个段落的主题句。
主题句通常在一段的开头或者结尾部分。多关注一个段落的两头。
主旨 = 各段主题句相加并有所侧重
题源： The Christian Science Monitor
What may be the best title of the passage ？
A. How can we help cities withstand shock with data?

B. What may be the wicked problems of sustainability?
C. When can municipal intelligence be fully developed?
D. Why should urban informatics be taught in colleges?
阅读文章，找出每段主旨
1. Cities are getting smarter, embedded with more Internet-
connected devices that are generating data in unbelievable
volumes. Yet increasing connectivity also means increasing
complexity—and sometimes, that means higher vulnerability.
Deeper connectivity meaans the failure of one system can
cascade （像瀑布般大量倾泻下来） into the failure of another.
Which is the topic sentence?

1. Cities are getting smarter, embedded with more Internet-
connected devices that are generating data in unbelievable
volumes. Yet increasing connectivity also means increasing
complexity—and sometimes, that means higher vulnerability.
Deeper connectivity meaans the failure of one system can
cascade （像瀑布般大量倾泻下来） into the failure of another.
随着互联网关联程度越高，复杂性也增加，有时候也意味着更高的风险。
2. Having more data about those kinds of interactions is both a

good and bad thing: we've never been able to observe the
complex inner workings of society as closely but the waterfall of
information is more than we can analyze, leaving us unable to
see potential dangers of our newfound connectivity.

2. Having more data about those kinds of interactions is both a

good and bad thing: we've never been able to observe the
complex inner workings of society as closely but the waterfall of
information is more than we can analyze, leaving us unable to
see potential dangers of our newfound connectivity.
有转折还需看
转折之后
拥有更多这类相互影响的数据具有好坏双重效应。
重点在于不好的效应：超过我们能分析的，不能识别出新建立的联结的潜在危险。
3. A research of Dr. Shade Shutters, a scientistwith Arizona State University's

Global Security Initiative ， is focused around the“wicked problems”of
resilience （恢复力） and sustainability as they apply to social and urban
development. Ask anyone who studies resilience what it means and you'll get a
different definition just about every time. Many different academic disciplines
and theoretical viewpoints use different definitions for the word,but Shutters
says that at a fundamental level, resilience is “something that implies the long-
term sustainability of a particular state of a system.”
3. A research of Dr. Shade Shutters, a scientistwith Arizona State University's

Global Security Initiative ， is focused around the“wicked problems”of
resilience （恢复力） and sustainability as they apply to social and urban
development. Ask anyone who studies resilience what it means and you'll get a
different definition just about every time. Many different academic disciplines
and theoretical viewpoints use different definitions for the word,but Shutters
says that at a fundamental level, resilience is “something that implies the long-
term sustainability of a particular state of a system.”

城市恢复力的定义辨析：某种显示出一个体系特定状况下长期可持续性的东西。
4. The challenge with designing cities with long-term sustainability in

mind? They've become so complex that every push or pull on the system
results in new and surprising outcomes. Making one part of a city more
resistant to threats can potentially mean weakening another part.
Improving your highway system means more lanes for traffic, which can
mean less space for buildings and residences, and therefore more
suburban homes being built, which can mean more urban sprawl that
affects the local ecosystem.

4. The challenge with designing cities with long-term sustainability in

mind? They've become so complex that every push or pull on the system
results in new and surprising outcomes. Making one part of a city more
resistant to threats can potentially mean weakening another part.
Improving your highway system means more lanes for traffic, which can
mean less space for buildings and residences, and therefore more
suburban homes being built, which can mean more urban sprawl that
affects the local ecosystem.

秉承长期可持续的设计理念设计城市面临的挑战。城市体系的每次推动或牵
引都可能导致新的令人惊讶的后果。
5. Shutters says he expects that in the next few years a “municipal

intelligence or metropolitan intelligence” field will develop as a public-
side analog to business intelligence. These positions don't currently exist,
but Shutters hypothesizes that it's because the data modeling isn't
advanced enough to prove the benefit of such investment..

5. Shutters says he expects that in the next few years a “municipal

intelligence or metropolitan intelligence” field will develop as a public-
side analog to business intelligence. These positions don't currently exist,
but Shutters hypothesizes that it's because the data modeling isn't
advanced enough to prove the benefit of such investment..

他预计在未来几年会有一个名为“市政智能或都市智能”的领域将发展为与商
务智能类似的公共领域。
6.However, a number of universities have started offering advanced

degrees in“Urban Informatics,”including Northeastern University and New
York University's Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP),which
Shutters thinks is a positive step forward .

6.However, a number of universities have started offering advanced

degrees in“Urban Informatics,”including Northeastern University and New
York University's Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP),which
Shutters thinks is a positive step forward .

一些大学开始提供“城市信息化”高等学位。这是一个积极的举措。
7.Topics covered in these degrees include urban informatics and

technologies,geographic information systems labs ， and focuses on urban
modeling and simulation. The new cohort （一群同期群组） of experts
graduating from these programs will work in a field that ranges from
urban design to civil engineering and from applied mathematics to
statistics and public policy.

7.Topics covered in these degrees include urban informatics and

technologies,geographic information systems labs ， and focuses on urban
modeling and simulation. The new cohort （一群同期群组） of experts
graduating from these programs will work in a field that ranges from
urban design to civil engineering and from applied mathematics to
statistics and public policy.

这个学位包括 ...... 关注城市建模与仿真模拟。
8.People in those positions will be inundated （收到太多而应接不暇） with

data ， this time from the complex ecosystems of business, politics, land
management, urban planning, water distribution and the hundreds of
other systems that make up a city. But, Shutters says he hopes his work
will help prepare them to filter the signals from the noise and make their
cities more efficient and more resilient.

8.People in those positions will be inundated （收到太多而应接不暇） with

data ， this time from the complex ecosystems of business, politics, land
management, urban planning, water distribution and the hundreds of
other systems that make up a city. But, Shutters says he hopes his work
will help prepare them to filter the signals from the noise and make their
cities more efficient and more resilient.

他希望他的工作能够帮助这些人做好准备，从这些信息中过滤掉杂音，让他们的
城市更加高效，更具恢复力。
文章各段主题总结
1. generating data---increasing complexity---higher vulnerability

2. Having more data---is both a good and bad thing
3. resilienceand sustainability
4. The challenge for long-term sustainability
5. develop a municipal intelligence field
6. advanced degrees in“Urban Informatics”
7. Topics covered in these degrees
8.his work---make cities efficient and resilient
What may be the best title of the

passage ？
A. How can we help cities withstand shock with

data?
B. What may be the wicked problems of
sustainability? A
C. When can municipal intelligence be fully
developed?
D. Why should urban informatics be taught in
colleges?
4. 细节题 + 词汇题
三、五步解题顺序
感谢各位的观看

2、六级阅读解题技巧 黄艳彬

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六级

optimistic pessimistic cautious enthusiastic objective

subjective arbitrary neutral positive negative

critical compromising indifferent ironic appreciative

A: What is the general topic of the passage

选择 答案 时 切忌 过 于具体，不能 选择概 括全篇文章中某一段落的主

What may be the best title of the passage ？

A. How can we help cities withstand shock with data?

Which is the topic sentence?

Which is the topic sentence?

2. Having more data about those kinds of interactions is both a

Which is the topic sentence?

2. Having more data about those kinds of interactions is both a

3. A research of Dr. Shade Shutters, a scientistwith Arizona State University's

3. A research of Dr. Shade Shutters, a scientistwith Arizona State University's

Which is the topic sentence?

4. The challenge with designing cities with long-term sustainability in

Which is the topic sentence?

4. The challenge with designing cities with long-term sustainability in

Which is the topic sentence?

5. Shutters says he expects that in the next few years a “municipal

Which is the topic sentence?

5. Shutters says he expects that in the next few years a “municipal

Which is the topic sentence?

6.However, a number of universities have started offering advanced

Which is the topic sentence?

6.However, a number of universities have started offering advanced

Which is the topic sentence?

7.Topics covered in these degrees include urban informatics and

Which is the topic sentence?

7.Topics covered in these degrees include urban informatics and

Which is the topic sentence?

8.People in those positions will be inundated （收到太多而应接不暇） with

Which is the topic sentence?

8.People in those positions will be inundated （收到太多而应接不暇） with

Which is the topic sentence?

1. generating data---increasing complexity---higher vulnerability

What may be the best title of the

A. How can we help cities withstand shock with

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2、六级阅读解题技巧黄艳彬

2、六级阅读解题技巧黄艳彬

选择答案时切忌过于具体，不能选择概括全篇文章中某一段落的主