Shyama Prasad Mukherji College for Women

(University of Delhi)

Chapter-2
Network Models - II

B.Sc. (H) Computer Science 3rd Semester

Lecture-5

Faculty: Manish Kumar Singh

Asst. Professor (Dept. of Computer Science)
Shyama Prasad Mukherji College
 TCP/IP Model
Consists of four layers which are basically optimized from OSI Model

1. Physical and Data Link Layers

– does not define any specific protocol
– supports all the standard and protocols
2. Internetwork Protocol Layer
– IP
• ARP,RARP, ICMP, and IGMP.
3. Transport Layer
– TCP , UDP and SCTP
4. Application Layer
– combined session, presentation, and application layers in the
OSI model
Data Communication - Network Models 2
TCP/IP Model

Data Communication - Network Models 3

 ADDRESSING
• physical (link) addresses
• logical (IP) addresses
• port addresses
• Specific addresses

Data Communication - Network Models 4

 ADDRESSING
• Relation between addresses and layers

Data Communication - Network Models 5

 ADDRESSING
1. Physical ADDRESSING
• The physical address, also known as the link
address, is the address of a node as defined by its
LAN or WAN
• Ethernet uses a 6-byte (48-bit) physical address
that is imprinted on the network interface card
(NIC).
– 07:01:02:01 :2C:4B
• LocalTalk (Apple), however, has a I-byte dynamic
address that changes each time the station comes
up
Data Communication - Network Models 6
 ADDRESSING
Physical ADDRESSING

Data Communication - Network Models 7

 ADDRESSING
2. Logical ADDRESSING/ IP Address
• are necessary for universal communications
– independent of underlying physical networks.
• Physical addresses are not adequate in an
internetwork environment where different networks
can have different address formats
• Unique in universe
• IP Address is Internet Logical Address
• The physical addresses will change from hop to
hop, but the logical addresses usually remain the
same
Data Communication - Network Models 8
 ADDRESSING
Logical ADDRESSING

Data Communication - Network Models 9

 ADDRESSING
Logical ADDRESSING
• in Every hop , routing table in consulted to
find next-hop
• ARP Protocol is used to translate Logical
Address of next-hop to it’s physical Address

Data Communication - Network Models 10

 ADDRESSING
3. Port ADDRESSING
• IP address and physical address are necessary
for a data to travel from source to destination

• Port address determines which services in

destination host should data be delivered

• port address is a 16-bit address represented

by one decimal number
Data Communication - Network Models 11
 ADDRESSING
Port ADDRESSING
Three process with Two Processes with
A, B and C Addresses J and K Addresses

Data Communication - Network Models 12

 ADDRESSING
Other Specific Addresses
• Addresses in Application Layer
– Email Address
– URL Address in web

Data Communication - Network Models 13

 Reference Book
• Data Communications & Networking, 4th
Edition,Behrouz A. Forouzan

Data Communication - Network Models 14