ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

UNIT V

Human Population and the Environment

Session 2
 Session Objective

The objective of the session is to make students

 learn about the importance of women and child welfare

 understand the importance of human rights and value education

 aware of the infectious disease like HIV AIDS

 Session Outcome

At the end of the session students will be able to

 realize the importance of women and child welfare

 understand the importance of human rights and value education

 Understand the nature of infectious disease like HIV AIDS

 Agenda

• Women and Child welfare

• Human rights and Value education

• Infectious disease: HIV-AIDS

 Women and Child Welfare
Health of women has a profound effect on the health and welfare of communities, countries and the
world at large.

A large number of social, economic, educational, political and religious dimensions impact the lives of
girls and women with repercussions on their health and status in society and welfare of their children.

It is a sad reality that a large number of children, adolescents and women worldwide have limited or no
access to essential health care services, nutrition and education.

Gender inequity and discrimination against girls cannot be bridged unless there are equal opportunities
for healthcare and education for boys and girls.

The International Day of the Girl Child is celebrated on 11th October to create global awareness about
issues of gender inequity, bias, right to education, nutrition, medical care and protection against
discrimination, violence, genital mutilation and child marriages.

Children are the foundation of a nation and mothers are its pillars, and no sensible government can
afford to neglect the needs and rights of women and children.
 Women and Child Welfare
Did you know?
Some 2.5 billion people – two-thirds of whom live in Asia, and a quarter in sub-Saharan Africa – still use
unimproved sanitation facilities and 748 million people are without clean water.

There’s more: Women and girls are disproportionately affected.

How so?
The distances travelled, especially in unprotected areas, to get water and the lack of safe, private toilets
make women and girls more vulnerable to violence.

An analysis of 25 countries in sub-Saharan Africa revealed that 71 per cent of the water collectors in the
region are women and girls, and in just one day women collectively spend an estimated 16 million hours
fetching water (men, 6 million in comparison).

The next time you grab a glass of water or walk on over to the bathroom, remember:
Sustainable development solutions can dramatically improve the lives of women and girls.

So what are you waiting for? Let’s go green. Empowering Women – Empowering Humanity: Picture It!
 Initiatives Made by Government of India
The Department of Women and Child Development, Government of India, came into existence as a
separate Ministry with effect from 30th January, 2006.
The Ministry has 6 autonomous organisations :
National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development (NIPCCD)
National Commission for women (NCW)
National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR)
Central Adoption Resource Agency (CARA)
Central Social Welfare Board (CSWB)
Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK)

Various schemes:
Umbrella ICDS Women Empowerment Schemes
Anganwadi Services Scheme Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme
Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana SWADHAR Greh
National Creche Scheme One Stop Centre Scheme
Scheme for Adolescent Girls Women Helpline Scheme
POSHAN Abhiyaan Mahila Shakti Kendras (MSK)
Child Protection Scheme NIRBHAYA
 Agenda
• Environment and Human health

• Women and Child welfare

• Human rights and Value education

• Infectious disease: HIV-AIDS

 Human Rights
This is the basic standards without which people cannot live with dignity.

 Different countries have different laws and these laws are based on their culture, geography,
history, predominant religion etc.

 There are certain laws which the government and the judiciary of all countries agree upon
and there are certain rights that all human beings are entitled to.

 These fundamental rights that belong to every person, simply by being a human being is
called “Human Rights”. Such rights do not have any geographic , cultural or racial
boundaries and are applicable across the globe
 Value Education
Value education is teaching and learning about the ideals that a society deems important.

What value-education IS and what it is NOT?

It is not a course in moral science.

It does not tell you DOs and DONTs. It does not tell you what you should become, or what you
should do. It does not talk about rewards and punishments in an afterworld. The goal is happiness
here and now.

It puts forward the proposition that the basic human values are inherent and intact in all of us, what
is needed is to be aware of them.

It does not say physical facilities are unimportant. It rather talks of prosperity in every family. It says
that there is place for facilities in life and encourages people to fix their place in their own life.

It is not an organization or society. It does not insist on any specific faith or any specific belief.
 Value Education

Following attitudes and behavior to be incorporated through value based education:

1. Human Values

2. Social Values

3. Cultural and Religious Values

4. Ethical Values

5. Global Values

6. Spiritual Values
Please refer to the text book also for all the topics
 Session Summary
• Degradation of environment and poor living conditions lead to many diseases. Disposed chemicals,
pesticides and heavy metal contamination, occupational hazards, noise, radiation etc. may result in severe
health issues.

• Women and child welfare is of great importance in the socio economic growth of any country. Indian
Government has many schemes for women and child welfare

• Human rights are the rights a person has, because he or she is a human being; however often it is violated.

• Value education teaches us to live life happily and make others happy. It imparts the qualities like
compassion, generosity, tolerance in an individual.

• HIV-AIDS is a infectious disease that does not spread by touching, sneezing or coughing. It is not a stigma
but a disease which can be prevented if we take proper measures.
 Test your Understanding

What are the objectives of women welfare system?

What is value education? Write the social values of environmental education.

Briefly describe the various activities launched for women and child welfare.
Explain the effects and control of HIV-AIDS.
Write a short note on human rights.
What is AIDS? What are the sources and mode of transmission of HIV infection?
What is value education? Mention its importance.