INTRODUCTI

ON
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMYjfb_M9wM
What do you think
this video is
about???????
 BIOMATERIALS

● A biomaterial is a biological or synthetic substance which can be introduced into

body tissue as part of an implanted medical device or used to replace an organ or
bodily function.
● Biomaterials may be polymers, metals, or ceramics. Biomaterials must be well-
matched with the body so that the body does not refuse them. In some cases,
biomaterials like organ transplants may cause rejection, which can be tackled with
anti-rejection drugs. Overall, Biomaterials are materials that can act as a whole or
part of a device to treat help, repair, or replace any tissue, organ, or function of the
body.
 Inquiry Question:
How do improvements in technology help
living things to survive longer?

Learning Intention: Su
- Identify and describe cc
recent technology and its es
application to solving s
contemporary issues. Cri
ter
ia:
- D
e
s
c
r
i
b
e
 MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY

● Describe, using examples, how developments in

technology have contributed to finding solutions
to a contemporary issue.
Heart in a Box

How 'heart in a box' technology could help heart transplant recipients - YouTube
 What is organ printing?
● Recent advances have enabled 3D printing of
biocompatible materials, cells and supporting components
into complex 3D functional living tissues. 3D bioprinting
is being applied to regenerative medicine to address the
need for tissues and organs suitable for transplantation.

● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u6f5uVNlaiE
 The future of organ printing?

● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WmNy5_FplUI
 Kidney Dialysis
● Evaluate the use of how medical technology has contributed to finding solutions to a contemporary
issue.

KIDNEY DIALYSIS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRoleVEwR8c

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKlY2SKi_dk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zFULCRQRaew&t=343s
Dialysis is a treatment that filters and
purifies the blood using a machine
 KIDNEY DIALYSIS

● A dialysis machine is used when your kidneys fail to

function properly the effect of using this machine is to
keep your body in balance by correcting the levels of
various toxic substances in your blood.
 KIDNEY DIALYSIS

● Advantage is that patients are able to live normal lives except when having
treatments
● Disadvantage is that the treatments require many hours in hospital its expensive
and there can be risk of infection of the membrane lining after the catheter
implantation .
 KIDNEY DIALYSIS

● Although successful in that it saves lives patients can still live normal lives
however the quality of life is decreased due to many hours spent receiving
treatment. In order to solve this problem patients would need to receive a kidney
transplant
 KIDNEY DIALYSIS

● Without dialysis, all patients with complete kidney failure would die from the build
up of toxins in the bloodstream.
 KIDNEY DIALYSIS

● Dialysis removes waste and fluids from your body that your kidneys are not able to
remove. The dialysis machine mixes and monitors the dialysate. Dialysate is the
fluid that helps remove the unwanted waste products from your blood. It also helps
get your electrolytes and minerals to their proper levels in your body. The machine
also monitors the flow of your blood while it is outside of your body.
ETHICS
 Organ Transplants
● Organ transplantation involves removing organs from a donor and transplanting
them into someone who may be very ill or dying from organ failure.
https://www.healthdi
rect.gov.au/organ-tra
nsplants
 Vaccinations

● Vaccines are intended to prepare your immune system to fight off infections and
prevent disease.
● They are often made from extracts of killed viruses or bacteria, or from live,
weakened strains of viruses or bacteria
 Compare and contrast conventional organ
transplant with transmedics.
● Use the article and write your response in your own words.
New 'Heart-in-a-Box' Device Revives Dead Hearts For Transplant
It could increase the amount of donated hearts by up to 30 percent. BEC CREW 7 SEP 2015
Researchers in the US have developed a device that can bring a dead heart back to life, even after it’s stopped beating
inside its original body. And while this is great news for those in need of a heart transplant, it’s already raising big
ethical questions over how we can proclaim a person "dead" if we can restart their heart in someone else’s body.
Right now, if you need a heart transplant, you’re going to have to wait for the family of a vegetative patient to sign one
over to you, because transplanting a heart from a deceased person is considered too risky. Hearts from vegetative
patients, on the other hand, can be cooled down inside the body when the person is still alive, gently stopped,
extracted, and transported in a container at around 4°C.
Cooling it down this much means the heart's metabolic activity will be cut by up to 90 percent, which gives doctors
enough time to stitch it up inside someone else and get it beating again before it runs out of oxygen. About 180 hearts
are made available for transplant in the US each year using this technique, but that’s no where near meeting demand.
"In the US about 2,400 heart transplants occur each year, a figure that has remained essentially unchanged for 20
years.
Developed by Massachusetts-based company, Transmedics, the new heart-in-a-box device works by keeping the
extracted heart warm, not cool. The heart is transferred to a sterile chamber fitted on a wheeled cart, inside which
tubing is clamped onto the organ to give it a constant supply of oxygen, blood, and nutrients. The team behind the
design says this will likely prolong the amount of time a heart can be kept functional outside a body.
The downside? Well, apart from the price tag of US$250,000 a piece, the heart-in-a-box does raise questions over
when 'dead is dead' if there's a possibility that a dead heart can be popped into the machine, restarted, and given
back to the original owner. But for Harvard ethicist Robert Truog, the fact that the person has already died once is the
key factor here, and it should be up to the families to decide what happens.
"My argument is that they are not dead, but also that it doesn’t matter," Truog told Regalado. "They are dying and it’s
permissible to use their organs. The question is whether they are being harmed, and I would say they are not."