HOW TO CLASSIFY

VERTEBRATES?
HANA HUZIEN
 KINGDOMS OF LIVING THINGS

•Animals
They are multicellular organisms.
They do not make their food.
They get energy by eating plants or other animals (other
organisms ).
They can move on their own during all or part of their
life.
 Animal kingdom has
more than 30 phyla
 One of them is Chordata.

 One subphylum contains

animals with backbone
(vertebrates)
 DO YOU REMEMBER THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ANIMALS?
MENTION 3.
• Scientist divided the animal kingdom into two main groups :
 Vertebrates :

Animals that have backbone

Invertebrates :
Animals without backbone .

• Back bone protects nerves that go to the brain.

Class Class Class

Class Class Class

Class
Class

Class
WHAT ARE THE FIVE CLASSES OF ANIMALS IN THIS PICTURE?
What do they have in common?
Fish Mammals

Amphibians Birds

Reptiles
MAMMALS
 MAMMALS
• Breathe air with lungs .

• Mothers make milk for their young.

• Look like their parents at birth.

• Has hair or fur .

• Warm-blooded (they keep their body temperature nearly the same all the time)
 MAMMALS LIFE CYCLE
Life cycle of mammals is a pattern of:
•Birth growth reproduction death

As they grow, animals develop then reproduce.

•Mammals offspring repeat the cycle.

•Most mammals start to develop inside the mother’s body before birth.
REPTILES
 REPTILES
• Reptiles breathe air by lungs .
• They have outer covering of scales and hard dry skin.
• Young depend on themselves to get food.
• Cold- blooded (the temperature of these animals change according to
the environment temperature )
 REPTILES LIFE CYCLE

• Young look like parents.

• Young depend on themselves to get
food .
 BIRDS
• All birds have feathers .

• Breath air with lungs .

• They all have beaks .

• They all lay hard-shelled eggs .

• Warm-blooded.

• Birds that fly have wings like plain .

 BIRDS LIFE CYCLE

• Young birds need to fed by their parents .

• Look like their parents at birth.
AMPHIBIANS
 AMPHIBIANS

• Lay eggs .
• Breathing air depends on the stage of their life cycle .
• Have soft and moist skin which can absorb water and
oxygen .
• Cold –blooded .
 AMPHIBIANS LIFE CYCLE

• They have different life cycle than other vertebrates .

• Young don’t look like parents .

• They start their life in water .

• This big change in lifecycle stages is called metamorphosis .

AMPHIBIANS LIFE CYCLE
FISH
 FISH
• Live only in water (fresh or salty water ).
• Lay eggs ( jelly-coated).
• Cold –blooded .
• Get oxygen through gills .
• Most fish have scales .
• They have slimy coating helps
water flow past them.
• Some fish swim by bending
Their bodies or by using their fins.
 FISH LIFE CYCLE

• Young look like parents and depend

on themselves to get food.
DISCOVERY OF DINOSAUR
 DINOSAURS
(TERRIBLE LIZARD)
• Scientists discovered dinosaurs from

ancient bones and fossils .

• Fossils : ( is the remains or mark of a

living thing from long ago )

• They share many features with today's lizard :

Had skeleton, backbones, scales and 4 legs, but their legs are
straight down. While lizards legs are stick from the sides of
their bodies .
 DINOSAURS
(TERRIBLE LIZARD)

• Some share birds with some characteristics like :

Feathers , heart , and wishbone .
• Fossils have shown that some dinosaurs had a heart that is
similar to birds or mammals.