SEMINAR ON MUMPS

CONTENT
o Introduction
o Definition
o Epidemioloigy
o Pathophysiology
o Clinical manifestation
o Complications
o Prognosis
o Diagnosis
o Treatment
- Medical management
- Nursing management
o Prevention
o Vaccine
o Summary
o Recapitulation
o Journal Review
o Bibliography
 INTRODUCTION
• Mumps is an acute and highly contagious
viral illness

• Usually occurs in children.

• Spread by air borne droplet from the

upper respiratory tract, the disease usually
takes two to three weeks to appear.
• Characterized by painful enlargement of the
salivary glands, most characteristically the
parotid glands.

• Others organs may also be affected.

Constitutional symptoms vary and may be
silent.

• Caused – RNA virus of genus

PARAMYXOVIRUS in the family
PARAMYXOVIRIDAE.
 DEFINITION
MUMPS is a contagious viral illness that
usually makes a child have a fever and
swollen salivary glands in his mouth and
near his ear
 EPIDEMIOLOGY
GLOBALLY
- In pre- vaccine era , mumps was a severe
contagious disease with a high morbidity
of approx 40 – 726 cases per 100,000
population per year
INDIA
- Before introduction of mumps vaccine ,
annual incidences were ranging from
100- 1000 cases/100,000population.
- In India outbreaks and sporadic cases are
reported throughout the year and fromm
all regions of the country.
 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
• The virus enters through the nose or mouth

• It proliferates in the parotid glands and the

respiratory mucosa and produce viremia.

• The virus is localized in the salivary glands

and CNS and brings about the clinical
symptoms
 CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
 Fever , headache , nausea , malaise ,
anorexia and sore throat

 Earaches and pain behind the ear

 Tender edematous swelling of the parotid

glands is found within 1 to 3 days
 The enlargement of gland displaced the
ear lobe upwards and outwards. The
submaxillary and sublingual glands may
also be involved later.

 Tenderness and pain usually subside

within 3 days and swelling disappears
within 10 days
 COMPLICATIONS
• Orchitis
• Oophoritis
• Meningitis
• Pancreatitis
• Neuritis
• Meningoencephalitis
• Mastoiditis
• Nerve deafnees
• Arthritis
• Facial palsy
• Diabetes may develop in some childrean
following mumps
 PROGNOSIS
- Death is very unusual, disease is self –
limiting , and general outcome ia good ,
even if other organs are involved.

- Patients usually do well , even if other

organs are involved. After the illness the
patient has a life- long immunity to the
mumps
 DIAGNOSIS
• Medical history
• Physical examination
• Blood test
• Serology test
• Culture of saliva
• Urinary culture
• Cerebrospinal fluid study
 TREATMENT
 MEDICAL MANAGEMENT

 No specific treatment

 Analgesics – Ibuprofen and Paracetamol

 Aspirin should not be given to children

under 16 years
 NURSING MANAGEMENT

1. Acute pain related to inflammatory

process .

2. Hyperthermia related to inflammatory

process as evidenced by rise in body
temperatures
3. Imbalanced nutrition less than body
requirements related to infectious condition
as evidenced by swelling , pain and difficulty
in swallowing.

4. Anxiety related to change in health status.

5. Risk for deficient fluid volume related to

disease condition such as swelling and
difficulty in swallowing
 INTERVENTIONS
- ACUTE PAIN

 Monitor vital signs

 Assess the pain

 Provide analgesics

 Apply warm or cool compresses to the neck

area to relieve pain
- HYPERTHERMIA

 Monitor vital signs especially

temperature.

 Administer antibiotics.

 Give tapid sponge bath to reduce fever.

- IMBALANCE NUTRITION LESS THAN
BODY REQUIREMENTS

 Provide a high calorie , nutritionally rich soft

or liquid food frequently.

 Avoid spicy , sour food that stimulate

salivation or require the act of chewing.

 Measure body weight daily

 PREVENTION
 The MMR Vaccine is used to immunise
people against mumps.

 Wash hands often and thoroughly with

soap and water.

 Cover while coughing and sneezing.

 Stay home if you’re sick . Contact your
providers for treatment.

 Don’t share items that may have saliva

on them

 Be up to date on your MMR vaccine.

 VACCINE
• MMR Vaccine
• It is a combined vaccine
• (MMR – 1) vaccine at the age of 15
months after birth
• A booster dozes at the age of 5 year
(MMR – 2)
• Dose : 0.5 ml s/c on the right upper arm
SUMMARY
 RECAPITULATION
1. Name of the virus that cause
MUMPS .

2. List 4 prevention of MUMPS.

JOURNAL REVIEW
MEDICAL JOURNAL ARMED FORCES
INDIA 75 ( 2019)

TOPIC - Measles, mumps and rubella : A cross-

sectional study of susceptibility to vaccine
preventable disease among young people in
India

AUTHOR - Lt Col Santosh Karade , Col Sourave

Sen , Air cmde V.K Sashindran , Brig Punita
Sharma , Maj Gen Madhuri Kanitkar.
 ABSTRACT
Background
- Global elimination of vaccine preventable
disease , such as measles , mumps and
rubella is a priority

- Many countries have reported diminishing

coverage of adolescents and adults in not
monitored.
- Objective : to determine the susceptibility
against measles , mumps and rubella
among young adults
 METHODS
- Qualitative detection of IgG antibody
titres by commercially available enzyme
linked florescence assay in serum
samples young adults
 RESULT
- A total of 335 young individuals
participated voluntarily between May
2017 to September 2018 , of which 183
(54.63%) were males.

- Seroprotection against MMR were

87.16% , 82.69% ,and 78.10 %
respectively
 CONCLUSION

• Serological survillance is important to

monitor immune status in population.

• Susceptibility of young adults to MMR

indicates need for booster vaccination.
• With the recent launch of measeles –
rubella vaccination campaign in India ,
courtry specific data will be required to
plan periodicity of such campaign , which
in turn would be based on accumulation
of susceptible individuals in a
community.
 Over All Conclusion
- For a more thorough diagnosis when
suspecting that the child may have
mumps , consult a paediatric specialist.

- Ensure medicine dosage is followed

according to prescriptions.
- Contacts the parents of other children
who may have come in contact with your
child during the days leading up to a
diagnosed case of the mumps , since the
virus is contagious.

- Act quickly when diagnosed to ensure

effective treatment.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Suraj Gupte. The short textbook of pediatrics (12th
edition . Pageno. 166) . Jaypee Brothers Medical
Publishers (p) Ltd.

• Hocken Berry I Wilson. Wong’s Nursing Care of

Infants and children ( 10th edition. Page no. 203)
Published by Elsvier.

• Parul Datta. Pediatric Nursing ( 4th edition . Pageno.

212 ) Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (p) Ltd
• Vinod K Paul , Arvind Bagga , Ghai Essential
Pediatrics ( eight edition . Page no.
217 ) .Published by Satish Kumar Jain , New
Delhi.

• Neeraj Sethi. Shikla Awasthi . Essential of

Pediatric Nursing ( fourth edition . pageno,.
353 ) Published by Rajender Kapoor. Lotus
publishers .
Web references

- www.sciencedirect.com